Three studies examining the effects of correspondence training (reinforcement for matching verbal and nonverbal behavior) with 22 mildly and moderately retarded students revealed that the approach can be used to decrease maladaptive and increase adaptive behavior and that it can produce generalized behavior change. (CL)

Attempted to determine whether daydreaming is reactive to self-monitoring. One group of infrequent daydreamers tallied their daydreams, the second tallied and logged the content of their daydreams. There was a significant difference between the control group and the treatment groups, but neither method of self-monitoring proved superior. (Author)

The purpose of this article is to clarify critical variables in the individualizing process. These include selecting appropriate practices, dealing with the abstract, changing student behavior, and humanizing instruction. (SK)

Data indicate that addictive-appetitive disorders such as obesity, opiate use, and cigarette smoking are not (as most professionals believe) markedly resistant to long-term modification. Studies of nontherapeutic populations indicate that long-term self-cures of smoking, obesity, and drug use are relatively common events. (Author/GC)

The author explores the theory of changing basic thought processes in order to improve personal performance on the job. This entails helping people identify their existing thoughts and replacing the ones that won't support performance goals with those that will. (CT)

Bell and pad intervention to treat enuresis in a 21-year-old mildly mentally retarded male is reported. Enuresis was not significantly reduced after 22 weeks of standard bell and pad treatment. Therapist involvement in the program was deemphasized to offset the possibility that therapist visits were reinforcing wet nights. (Author/SW)

Recent studies related to community placement of mentally retarded persons are reviewed. Analyses of studies measuring direct behavior change as well as those based upon clinical and qualitative methods are included. The need for additional studies employing both types of methodologies is stressed. (Author)

Tested hypotheses that interpretations increase clients' motivation to change and that interpretations identifying causal factors clients can directly control lead to greater client change than interpretations identifying causes clients cannot directly control. Students experiencing problems with procrastination participated. Results generally…

The problem drinking continuum was devised to illustrate different kinds of alcohol-related problems, without implying irreversibility, progression, or the presence of a unitary disease. It is one way of conceptualizing alcohol dependencies that has been fruitful in outpatient counseling, residential care, alcohol education, and training programs.…

Three retarded epileptic individuals (17 to 22 years old) with a variety of seizure disorders were provided with 8 to 12 Hz occipital EEG biofeedback training. While seizures were not totally eliminated in any of the Ss, the results of the study indicated that all Ss exhibited decreases in some aspect of their seizure activity. (Author)

Discusses why measuring behavior change is an effective way to project how the training program is contributing to the objectives of the organization and reducing operating costs. (CT)

Third grade learning disabled students (N=72) were assigned randomly to one of two treatment groups or a control group. The group receiving the instructional program performed significantly better on two of the three tasks. (Author/SB)

Evaluated effects of perceived freedom of choice on behavior change. Subjects were assigned to groups that varied in amount of perceived choice in determining training procedures. Subjects who perceived that they were given choice in training procedures improved significantly more than subjects who lost freedom of choice. (Author/BEF)

Explores whether training can affect the illusory correlation. Materials used by Chapman and Chapman (1969) were used. Attempts were made to influence the illusory correlation by providing a simulated training session. Training was no more effective than nontraining in reducing this phenomenon. This is consistent with Chapman and Chapman (1969).…

Suggests to teachers some techniques for identifying and helping the school-phobic child. (SJL)