Paper presented at Conference on New Approaches to Behavioral Research on Smoking held in Tucson, Arizona, on March 30 and 31, 1972, by American Cancer Society. (DS)

Significant gender differences were observed regarding college students' beliefs about the consequences of smoking, their normative beliefs concerning smoking, and their willingness to comply with advice from authority figures. Educational and treatment programs should address males and females differently. (Author/PP)

Women attending four New England colleges were surveyed to determine how their health beliefs and attitudes related to smoking. Beliefs of current smokers, former smokers, and nonsmokers were explored in an effort to shed light on motivation. Implications for public policy are discussed. (PP)

An investigation assessed the relative importance of parental behavior and perceived parental attitudes about smoking as factors associated with whether youths chose to smoke. Results, indicating that parental attitudes may be a more significant factor than is parental behavior, are discussed. (CJ)

Classical conditioning procedures were used to change the attitudes and choice of social behavior of elementary and secondary students associated with drinking, smoking, and the use of drugs. The experimental group expressed more negative attitudes toward smoking and drinking and chose the use of drugs less frequently. (Author/BW)

Examined sex differences in teenage marijuana, alcohol and cigarette use among 705 adolescents from Woodlawn, a poor Black Chicago neighborhood. Found important sex differences in the antecedent, concurrent, and mediating variables relating to substance use. Discusses these sex differences from two theoretical perspectives: social adaptation and…

To influence children in deciding not to smoke, a program, Wisconsin Athletes Against Cancer, was designed and implemented in grades four through eight. Athletes served as role models and delivered anti-smoking messages. Athlete preparation, the presentation format, and feedback and evaluation methods are discussed. (JN)

Surveyed the opinions of (N=3,100) 7th- to 12th-grade students regarding the perceived effectiveness of both pro-smoking and anti-smoking messages. Results indicated that most teenagers were exposed to anti-smoking information and materials in schools. Statistically significant differences existed between smokers and nonsmokers in their…

The influences of home and school environment on teenage smoking were assessed according to sex differences, age differences, influence of adults, socioeconomic status, and coeducation v same sex grouping. (Author/DB)

Why do some people make self-enhancing decisions and others potentially self-destroying decisions? The reasons are complex and probably unique to each individual, but a few explanations that have been suggested include lack of information, conflicting value system, lack of self-confidence, lack of love, and the presence of excessive stress. (LRA)

A health education curriculum tailored to the needs and concerns of adolescents is described. (JD)

There is no difference between the effectiveness of the approach treatments as measured in the cognitive domain and the self-reported behavior domain, with neither treatment having a beneficial effect on the self-reported drug abuse and smoking behavior of the subjects. (MB)

Attempts to determine the extent of smoking in a high school population, to identify the relationship between students' smoking status and conditions contributing to the continuation of smoking among students. (Author/RK)