Used classification scheme developed by Marlatt and Gordon (1980) to categorize the highly tempting situations of 596 participants in smoking cessation programs. Relapsers had significantly more situations characterized by withdrawal symptoms and negative affect and fewer situations involving cigarette cues than did temporary lapsers and…

Examined demographic and psychosocial factors associated with drug use of fifth through eighth grade students (N=873). Nearly 28 percent of the students surveyed reported using cigarettes, alcohol or marijuana in the preceding four months. Associations with drug using peers had twice as much influence on drug use as the adolescent's own favorable…

Reviews problems relating to tobacco, alcohol, and drug use among American-Indians. Describes bicultural competence skills approach which proved successful for preventing substance abuse among American-Indian adolescents at posttest and follow-up on measures of substance-use knowledge, attitudes, and interactive skills, and on self-reported rates…

Examined relapse episodes among subjects who had quit smoking after participation in a smoking cessation program. Assessed and cluster analyzed situational descriptions, describing social and nonsocial conditions. The situational characteristics of isolated incidents of smoking prior to relapse were significantly related to cluster membership of…

Examined 337 adolescents and 876 older mothers who delivered live-born, single infants between 1980-1982. Absence of alcohol and tobacco consumption among Southeast Asian subjects may have contributed to generally favorable Apgar scores, length of gestation, and birth weights. High frequencies of alcohol and tobacco consumption among White…

A study examined psychosocial variables (self-esteem, home-esteem, peer-esteem, and adolescent symptomatology of stress) associated with cigarette use among 934 fourth- through twelfth-grade students. Results are discussed. (Author/CB)

Makes counselors aware of the etiology of smoking behavior among children and adolescents and makes suggestions for programs that may be used to help prevent the onset of smoking as well as to assist young smokers in breaking the habit. (Author/ABB)

Results supported the hypothesis that alcohol-related performance decrements would be observed in the vigilance and motor activity task performance of four year olds, even after adjusting for the effects of nicotine, in children whose mothers were generally not alcoholics but only social drinkers of varying amounts. (Author/AS)

The incidence and continuity of smoking and drinking, precursory social-behavioral characteristics of smokers and drinkers, and life conditions related to smoking and drinking are described. Part of an extensive Finnish longitudinal study of social development, the original sample consisted of eight-year-old subjects. Follow-up studies were made…

This paper provides a background and discussion regarding tobacco-free schools. The paper is intended to enhance discussion about the health benefits to children who attend schools that have a comprehensive tobacco-free school policy. The benefits to the personal health of students are both direct and environmental. Direct health benefits from a…

This paper examines the effects of private schooling on adolescent nonmarket behaviors. Differences between private- and public-school students were controlled by making use of the rich set of covariates available with the Nation Education Longitudinal Survey (NELS) microdataset. An instrumental-variables strategy was also employed that exploits…

The National Rifle Association (NRA) has developed its Eddie Eagle program as a school-based curriculum that claims to teach gun safety to children in preschool through grade six. The program uses a four-part message for children to follow when they see a gun, admonishing them to stop, not touch it, leave the area, and tell an adult. The NRA has…

This study examined what moral issues meant to practicing teachers. Finnish secondary teachers described moral dilemmas they had experienced during their teaching careers and principles they used to solve them (particularly situations in which they had difficulty deciding how to act). The narrative of one female teacher concerned about smoking at…

During the 2004-2005 school year, Austin Independent School District (AISD) received a total federal Title IV grant of $477,413 that was used to support substance use and violence prevention efforts at each level of the AISD Student Intervention Model.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between high school girl smokers and nonsmokers, age 14 to 18 years, on selected tests of physical fitness. (Author)