Twelve people in each of three age groups--three-year-olds, five-year-olds, and college students--spoke to an adult listener who was positioned 6-, 12-, and 24-feet from the subject. Results indicate that children as young as three years old seem to know that it is necessary to increase vocal intensity as the listener becomes more distant.…

This study was designed to investigate the development of the visual placing response in infants, as well as the visual mediation of the response and texture factors that influence this response during its development. The response was associated with age and apparently developed in two phases. (Author/DB)

Examines the phenomenon of adolescent delinquency from the point of view of the socialization process into delinquency. Theoretical explanations discussed are (1) the stage of adolescence as a factor in the individual's vulnerability to delinquency, (2) social labeling and an explanation of socialization into delinquency, and (3) other…

A set of covariation problems was structured so that the solution pattern across problems would indicate the judgment rule used by each subject. A developmental trend across subjects in fourth, seventh, and tenth grades and in college demonstrated rule shifts toward use of increasingly accurate rules. (Author/RH)

The author hypothesizes that death anxiety varies with social status and age as well as structural variables and personality traits. Results indicate structural variables predict certain types of death anxiety as well as personality factors. Personality is a somewhat better predictor of death fear and reluctance to interact. (Author)

Two studies (one cross-sectional and one longitudinal) examined the relation between two developmental trends in play during the second year of life: the emergence of decentered acts, and the integration of separate acts into simple sequences. Subjects were infants aged 13, 19, and 24 months. (CM)

In a four-year longitudinal study of the development of concrete operational thought, children were administered tests assessing seriation; numeration; class inclusion; hierarchical classification; and conservation of mass, weight, and volume. Levels of seriation and numeration skills in kindergarten were powerful predictors of the acquisition of…

An interpretation of female moral development is presented based on Kohlberg's stages of moral development and comparison is made between male and female development. (JMF)

The article describes procedures for developing and evaluating the pretend play of mentally handicapped children and provides illustrative case studies on the use of the observation scheme to evaluate children's progress. (SBH)

Books, magazines, and newspapers for the general public have discovered middle age and, in spite of an exaggeration of mid-life crisis, provide adults with a broader perspective on mid-life adjustments. (SK)

Results of this study show that after several free recall trials young children (about age 6) did not discriminate very accurately between recalled and nonrecalled items and that they were much less accurate than older children (8 years or above). These findings suggest marked developmental changes. (Author/SJL)

Discusses use of kitchen utensils as resource materials suited for furthering cognitive development in preschool children. (Author/DB)

Argues that, with the proper type of nurturing, children can emerge from their early childhood years well on their way to the development of true morals. (MP)

Explored the relationships between the cognitive developmental level of preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational children (N=10) and their success in interpreting and explaining each of eight commonly described mechanisms of psychological defense. (JMB)