Students have different reference groups at their disposal in the school environment; however, the class to which they are assigned is the dominant social context for daily experiences. Thus, evaluations by teachers and peers which are concerned with achievement distribution occur in this limited reference group. In an investigation of the…

This paper reports on a study which measured labor market experience and its possible effects on workers' psychological expectancies. Past efforts that employed black and white men and women had made to improve their market situations are described, as well as attributions they gave for their experiences. Work or educational changes attempted by…

Stress management training contributes to weight loss, maintenance of weight loss and improved social and occupational functioning in obese women. Data from the Beck Depression Inventory and the Assertiveness Questionnaire indicate that obese persons have poor self-concepts which result in depression which is inversely related to assertiveness.…

A holistic approach to health education is presented with a model outlining the scope, direction and impact of such education on individual development. The fundamental concept in this model is the interrelationship between physical, mental, and spiritual health, and it expands from these three areas into dimensions that may and may not be altered…

THE INFLUENTIAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE STUDENT AND HIS TEACHERS AND PEERS WERE INVESTIGATED TO DETERMINE HOW AND WHY THEY MIGHT AFFECT STUDENT DESIRES AND OBJECTIVES. THREE SEPARATE STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED, INVOLVING APPROXIMATELY 740 JUNIOR AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. THE FIRST, A QUESTIONNAIRE STUDY, EXAMINED THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL…

A TECHNIQUE OF PATTERN ANALYSIS WHICH EMPHASIZES THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF SCORING A GIVEN SET OF VARIABLES WAS FORMULATED. TO THE ORIGINAL VARIABLES WERE SUCCESSIVELY ADDED TWO, THREE, AND FOUR VARIABLE PATTERNS AND THE INCREASE IN PREDICTIVE EFFICIENCY ASSESSED. RANDOMLY SELECTED HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS WHO HAD PARTICIPATED IN THE…

Current evidence in the literature is reviewed on the relationship between sex roles and psychological well-being in terms of personality and social behavior dimensions. Limitations of the present data base are identified, such as the correlational nature of evidence, age and gender specificity of findings, failure to consider the personal…

The first of five articles in this journal reports on a project aimed at studying the influence of the way in which problems of arithmetic are worded. Some variables in the wording were found to affect the performance of children, and terms were isolated which increased the percentage of failure. The second article describes a technique for…

The theory of "reasoned action" is applied to the teaching-learning process. This theory asserts that people use the information available to them in a reasonable manner to arrive at their decisions and that a person's behavior follows logically and systematically from whatever information he has available. To illustrate application of the theory…

Although research suggests that men and women are perceived as differing significantly on a number of traits or characteristics, little research relates these traits to observable behaviors. The trait-characteristic issue, when carried over to employment, serves to justify discrimination against women. Research on attribution theory also supports…

Approaches to educational research are grouped into five major categories. The process-product approach correlates teacher behavior with student achievement. Aptitude-treatment-interaction researchers believe that their research will identify instructional methods that are particularly suitable for students with specific aptitudes. Researchers in…

A two-session experiment was conducted to test the relationship of self-schemata to the processing of attitudinal information. In Session I, subjects were classified as either Religious (n=20) or Legal (n=19) in their schemata, using weighted response times to personality trait words on slides. In Session II, these subjects heard one of four…

The papers in this book describe significant population research done by psychologists from 1972 to 1975. It is hoped that the papers will stimulate more psychologists to become involved in population research and inspire those now in the field. The book begins with an overview of the development of population psychology. The remainder of the book…

This textbook for the college student emphasizes human sexuality as a part of the whole human life experience and contains a balance of biological, psychological, and sociological material. In 16 chapters the following topics are covered: (1) sex and society; (2) historical and cultural perspectives; (3) glandular control of sexual physiology; (4)…

Three groups of 36, institutionalized retarded, noninstitutionalized retarded and normal children equated on mental age were evaluated on a measure of psychological distance, the Sticker Family Game. Significantly less psychological distance was found between the child and parental figures in the retarded groups than in the normal groups. (Author)