There is a moral panic in the US about youth civic engagement because data show decreasing rates of involvement in organized groups and with voting. There are multiple interpretations of what this means for democracy and about young people. One major reading is that interest in civic life is decreasing and this is seen to be related to…

This report looks at the development and socialisation of children under 5 years of age in two Caribbean countries, Trinidad and Tobago and Dominica. It involved fieldwork in four very different communities as well as extensive discussion with academics and professionals. Too little is known about child socialisation in the Caribbean, and this…

Community-based programs in the juvenile justice system present a promising alternative to the disappointing results achieved by large institutional facilities. A diverse group of states has found that intensive, individualized services provided in small, family-like residential settings or in the juvenile's own home yield comparable or reduced…

National polls of public attitudes toward public education consistently rank school safety and drug abuse at the top of the problem list. This paper describes some federal and state legislative responses to the problems and offers a preventative approach. Federal legislation has taken the form of two major statutes--the Comprehensive Drug Abuse…

One of a series of studies on corporal punishment of children, this paper argues that the reasons provided for the strong support of spanking are myths. Ten myths about spanking children are discussed by offering arguments that support the action and by quoting findings from studies that refute the arguments. The ten myths are: (1) spanking works…

School discipline is the foundation of education and ensures a safe and peaceful environment in which to learn and work. Establishing rules and the use of reward and sanction to enforce rules are the primary aspects of school rule formation. Incentive-based rules improve discipline better than punishment-based rules, which hurt the student-teacher…

This book describes negotiating tactics and countertactics by which educators may manage difficult students. Topics include methods for managing offensive and violent students; procedures for counseling and disciplining students; major theories and models of discipline; defense mechanisms and common causes of misbehavior; guidelines on current…

The constitutionality of punitive damage awards in media defamation litigation was examined through a review of federal and state libel case law since the 1964 Supreme Court decision in "New York Times v. Sullivan." Using the opinions of various courts and justices and studies of libel litigation, a number of areas bearing on the issue…

The positive and negative aspects of classroom punishment were compared and the characteristics of teachers who did not experience discipline problems with their students were discussed. Additionally, programs for overcoming discipline difficulties were presented. (RK)

To deal with the problem of stealing among 34 severely and profoundly retarded institutionalized adults, an overcorrection procedure was designed in which the thief was required to give his victim an item identical to the stolen one in addition to returning the stolen item. (Author)

Preservice teachers were asked to respond to seven statements as a means of investigating their opinions toward punishment in the classroom. (RK)

This paper reviews concepts and research findings on classroom management techniques and explores how these techniques are related to student discipline strategies. The first section surveys descriptive and experimental research recently accumulated on classroom management practice, concentrating on strategies for monitoring and guiding classroom…

Studies on alcohol and aggression have tended to use male subjects and to employ negative shock deliveries as the measure of aggression. This study was conducted to investigate sex differences in alcohol's effect on aggression and to examine the impact of providing both positive and negative response options. Male (N=48) and female (N=48)…

Fifth of a series, this report presents the results of a nationwide 1986 survey of state regulatory systems for family day care services. Findings indicate that in most states the number of regulated providers has increased dramatically since the 1984 study, while federal and state funding has decreased, making regulatory efforts more difficult.…

Caregivers and professional staff (N=223) in two institutions for severely mentally retarded individuals of all ages were administered the Critical Behavioral Incidents Questionnaire. They rated 44 common misbehaviors that occur in institutional settings in the following areas: (1) how often the misbehavior occurred; (2) perceived seriousness by…