Examined the attitudinal and informational bases of people's (N=500) opinions about the death penalty. Results showed 58.8 percent were proponents of capital punishment, 30.8 percent were opponents, and 10.4 percent were undecided. Respondents were generally ignorant on factual issues. Opponents favored due process guarantees more than did…

A survey completed by teachers in one industrial community reveals their awareness of their responsibility to report suspected child abuse/neglect and suggests the reasons why they often fail to detect and report it. (Author/MP)

The article reviews the use and limitations of medical and behavioral approaches (restraints, shock, drugs, punishment and aversive stimulation, reinforcement of incompatible behaviors, and overcorrection) to reduce self injury in visually impaired, mentally retarded persons. Legal and ethical considerations are pointed out. (Author/CL)

Problems in the use of punishment, including corporal punishment, restraint, and timeout, in the special education classroom indicate a need for a clear policy regarding its use. There is the danger that appropriate, limited punishment may escalate in intensity until it becomes abusive unless its users follow well-conceived guidelines. (SEW)

Points out that much research has shown that punishing incorrect behavior in children results in faster learning than does reinforcing correct behavior. Suggests nonphysical punishments for classroom use. (FL)

The effects of haloperidol and a mild punishment on the severe self-injurious behavior and several collateral behaviors of a 17-year-old profoundly retarded male were assessed. (Author)

Criticizes the use of corporal punishment in schools and argues that the schools should instead encourage the most advanced and effective methods of child management. (Author/MP)

Examined preschool children's conceptions of moral and conventional rules. Children judged the seriousness, rule contingency, rule relativism, and amount of deserved punishment for 10 depicted moral and conventional preschool transgressions. Constant across ages and sexes, children evaluated moral transgressions as more serious offenses and more…

Discusses the state's role in intervening in cases of child abuse and the four types of abuse: physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. The author offers alternatives to state intervention and explores the legal ramifications of the mandatory reporting laws. (WD)

Concludes that depression consists of low reward motivation and high punisher motivation. Depressed people exhibit their most severe motivational deficits in ambiguous social situations. Depressed people engage in few instrumental and operant behaviors, and in many escape and avoidance behaviors. (Author)

This case is significant because it goes further than any other earlier decision in describing the outlines of the substantive due process concept as it applies to school discipline. (Author)

The author attempts to clarify the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement and suggests that negative reinforcement should be used only as a last resort as a disciplinary tool. (KC)

Data for this paper were drawn from surveys of 727 teachers and 1278 students. Findings are reviewed on teachers' perceptions of the causes of discipline problems, their frustrations about organizational constraints on discipline, and students' views of the ineffectiveness of two commonly used methods of punishment: suspension and extra homework.…

The effectiveness of various court-ordered punishment dispositions is evaluated. Subjects receiving "no punishment" had a lower probability of future crime than those receiving fines. Repeaters and nonrepeaters did not differ on type of crime, seriousness of crime, or on amount of fine paid at first offense. (Author)