The distance from which an eyewitness views a perpetrator is a critical factor for eyewitness identification, but has received little research attention. We presented three mock-crime videos to participants, varying distance to three perpetrators (3, 10, or 20 m). Across two experiments, increased distance reduced empirical discriminability in the…

As an approach-oriented emotion, anger appears to affect behavioral thresholds in a range of contexts. The current work consists of three experiments examining this in the context of eyewitness identification procedures. Experiments 1 and 2 examined the relationship between a witness' anger and identification reliability, and Experiment 3 examined…

It is generally agreed that proper pre-lineup instructions can reduce the rate of mistaken identifications of innocent suspects. However, the exact nature of these instructions has not been empirically established. We compared the effects of the detailed pre-lineup instructions recommended by the US Department of Justice to a simple instruction…

The qualitative regulation of grain size allows witnesses to increase the accuracy of their reports by adding alternatives (e.g., "the robber concealed his face with a mask, with a stocking, or with a balaclava"). However, such answers may include incompatible alternatives which may make police officers and juries distrust witnesses. In…

A prominent and long-standing theory of eyewitness identification decision making distinguishes between "absolute judgments," based on the lineup members' match to the witness's memory of the perpetrator, versus "relative judgments," based on match values relative to other lineup members. This distinction was implemented in a…

Many crimes occur in which a perpetrator has a distinctive facial feature, such as a tattoo or black eye, but few eyewitness identification (ID) studies have involved such a feature. We conducted an experiment to determine how eyewitness ID performance is impacted by a distinctive facial feature, and how police could deal with this issue.…

This article illustrates the problematic nature of the use of intercultural, international exchange as the primary or singular mode of understanding the study abroad experience and proposes alternative ways of talking to students about their study abroad experiences. While the focus on cultural exchange may be a practical trope, it creates a clear…

This chapter presents stories of one academic leader's lifelong lessons in learning how to lead. Her experiences span 40 years through multiple stations in life from a young female soldier, to a teacher, and then as an academic. Lessons learned include crafting her leadership values of recognizing others' talents, ensuring inclusivity of all,…

Framed by poststructuralist theory of identity, this phenomenological study explores Bhutanese refugee youth's lived experiences before- and after-resettlement and the ways that these experiences influence their identity navigation. Data from this study come from a two-year phenomenological study with a recently resettled Bhutanese refugee…

Regular attendance is integral for students' academic success; it also affects adolescents' physical and mental health. Very few studies consider (a) differences between partial- and full-day absences regarding chronic absenteeism (CA; missing school [greater than or equal to]15 days in an academic year); or (b) roles of school nurses in…

Background: People with a learning disability from ethnic minorities experience barriers in their access to healthcare services and poorer health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the factors that contribute to these barriers and to better understand how they can be reduced. Methods: Twenty 'experts by experience' took part in experience-based…

Name sign systems have been described in many deaf communities around the world. The most frequent name sign types are associated with an individual's appearance, for example, a signers' hairstyle, clothes, and physical features such as height, weight, etc. However, a recent study that examined name signs in Swedish Sign Language, for example,…

The notion of agency has been widely used in various disciplines but is relatively new in the field of employability of international graduates and returnees. This discussion paper addresses this gap by unpacking the determinants that influence the enactment of agency of international Ph.D. graduates in Australia and Ph.D. returnees in China. In…

Behavioral and emotional disorders in childhood can have lasting impacts in areas such as education and future employment, often extending into adulthood. Identifying the potential disorders in children's early grades is beneficial to provide proactive assistance. In this study, we employed a well-validated scale - the Strengths and Difficulties…

Social problem solving (SPS) represents a social cognitive reasoning process that gives way to behavior when individuals are navigating challenging social situations. Autistic individuals have been shown to struggle with specific aspects of SPS, which, in turn, has been related to social difficulties in children. However, no previous work has…