Describes evolutionary program development model to guide planning of services for farm families experiencing financial problems. Model forms basis for joint state and local program. Flexible structure enables initial responsive service and evolutionary development. Evaluation provides feedback for continuing development, improvement, and…

In Canada, provincial support of school systems has shifted from funding that addresses concerns of access to funding that addresses outcomes determined by the needs of influential societal groups. Despite this apparent priority shift, economic difficulties have resulted in funding mechanisms that are highly accountable in terms of spending but…

Three categories of options for colleges dealing with reduced resources are defensive reactions, constructive structuring and flexibility, and long-term new directions. Areas toward which resources need to be redirected, however, include broadening educational options for minority youth and encouraging client-centered and goal-oriented learning.…

The status of minority women dentists is reviewed, and initiatives to improve it are noted. Issues and challenges for African-American female dentists are outlined, including negative racial/gender stereotypes, lack of advancement opportunities, difficulties in starting practices and securing professional and social support systems, lack of…

A discussion of the response of George Mason University (Virginia) to economic decline in 1989-92 looks at four stages in the downturn and examines a variety of planning and policy issues, including management of both unplanned and planned reductions, continued uncertainty, politics of decline, organizational communication and morale,…

A survey indicates that declining resources, merging of programs, and loss of faculty positions characterize the changes in programs in higher education as a field of study and suggest an uncertain future. However, most programs see themselves as strong and programs that were prominent in the last decade remain so. (Author/MSE)

Reviews trends in the collection and use of moving images in Great Britain between 1935 and 1985, concentrating on nonfiction material and the National Film Archive. Topics include collection, preservation, changing patterns of use, the impact of television, regional archives, the need for more systematic efforts, and reports and conferences.…

Contends that the current condition of higher education in the Arab world is gloomy. Argues that international and domestic politics are the primary reason for this assessment. Predicts that improvement will not come until the political issues within the region are settled. (CFR)

Argues that tutoring programs are essential adjuncts to community college writing programs. Suggests ways that writing labs might combat the economic problems they face by combining personal tutoring with computers, limiting the skills the lab proposes to handle, and using professional staff to teach workshops. Stresses the importance of tutor…

Reports on a study by 20 Chinese higher education institutions about educational finance. Compares the relationship between educational investment and per capita national income in 38 market economies and 3 centrally planned economies. Provides a formula that indicates the rate of increased funding necessary for educational reform in China. (CFR)

Asserts that divergent views about the level of educational funding in China exist among policymakers. Discusses the difficulty of measuring the Gross National Product and comparing it with other nations. Concludes that educational funding in China is much lower than other nations with comparable levels of economic development. (CFR)

Examines the financial constraints placed on Canadian higher education by the economic recession and how decisions made to resolve the problems shape the institutions. Contends that Canadian university administrators have successfully met economic challenges by implementing an industrial model of research and staff management. (CFR)

Public education is not highly supported by the American public, who put economics first. The GI Bill and Cold War era prove that point. Schools have suffered from bad press, ultraconservatism, provincialism, teacher nonprofessionalism, commercialism, gambling, student fundraising, misplaced government/parental priorities, an uninviting work…

Baby boomers are epitomised by the phrase "wanting it now". This large group of the population is better educated, more technologically literate, generally wealthier than any previous generation and has high expectations of quality services and products. Just as they have led other social revolutions, baby boomers are expected to revolutionise the…

California charges students enrolled in academic graduate degree programs more to attend the State's public universities than it charges undergraduate students. The rationale for this differential stems from two principle factors. First, providing graduate courses is generally more expensive than the cost of providing undergraduate courses.…