Procedural semantics models have diminished the distinction between data structures and procedures in computer simulations of human intelligence. This development has theoretical consequences for models of cognition. One type of procedural semantics model, called schema theory, is presented, and a variety of cognitive processes are explained in…

This article describes a computer program, or package, that has been designed to allow a novice computer user to analyze natural language text by computer. The program can produce collocations, concordances, and word lists. The article also describes the package control language, which is designed to be easily used. Word extraction, word…

A unified theory of planning and debugging is explored by designing a problem solving program called PATN. PATN uses an augmented transition network (ATN) to represent a broad range of planning techniques, including identification, decomposition, and reformulation. (The ATN is a simple yet powerful formalism which has been effectively utilized in…

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in generative computer-assisted instruction and artificial intelligence. It divides relevant research into three areas of instructional modeling: models of the subject matter; models of the learner's state of knowledge; and models of teaching strategies. Within these areas, work sponsored by Advanced…

This report describes several of the design decisions underlying ACT, a production system model of human cognition. ACT can be considered a high level computer programming language as well as a theory of the cognitive mechanisms underlying human information processing. ACT design decisions were based on both psychological and artificial…

The research reported in this paper was designed to analyze the incidence of use of higher-order rules by students solving geometric construction problems. A carefully selected set of construction problems was subjected to rigorous a priori analysis by mathematics educators to determine what basic and second-order rules might be used by able high…

An interactive computer-assisted system for teaching elementary logic is described, which was designed to handle formalizations of first-order theories suitable for presentation in a computer-assisted instruction environment. The system provides tools with which the user can develop and then study a nonlogical axiomatic theory along whatever lines…

In an attempt to overcome the lack of natural means of communication between student and computer, this thesis addresses the problem of developing a system which can understand natural language within an educational problem-solving environment. The nature of the environment imposes efficiency, habitability, self-teachability, and awareness of…

Language comprehension is an immensely complex process involving the dynamic interaction of diverse sources of knowledge. In order to model this process, tools are needed which allow detailed specification of the process components. In this paper, the essential characteristics of a model of reading comprehension are discussed in the context of the…

The design of CAI for individualization of instruction and its relationship to broader educational systems is detailed. Effectiveness of CAI in various student populations and subject matter is presented, as well as design methods, and research studies in cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence are reviewed. (RAO)

The author accepts some of the technical comments in Dresher and Hornstein's article on artificial intelligence (AI), (EJ 161 384, Cognition, December 1976), but disagrees with several other comments. Although Dresher and Hornstein unquestioningly adopt Noam Chomsky's paradigm for the study of language, their real point is that AI researchers are…

Describes one way of structuring an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) in light of developments in artificial intelligence. A specialized intelligent operating system (SIOS) is proposed for software for a network of microcomputers, and it is postulated that a general learning system must be used as a basic framework for the SIOS. (Author/LRW)

Experimental computer programs are being developed to teach students at all levels and in a wide variety of training fields and track their progress at the same time. (MSE)

Designed to promote cooperative efforts between researchers in artificial intelligence and instruction for the development of future computer-delivered instructional systems, this article contrasts intelligent computer-assisted instruction (ICAI) and traditional computer-based instruction (CBI) in terms of the basic philosophies underlying their…