Children differ in how much they spontaneously pay attention to quantitative aspects of their natural environment. We studied how this spontaneous tendency to focus on numerosity (SFON) is related to subitizing-based enumeration and verbal and object counting skills. In this exploratory study, children were tested individually at the age of 4-5…

This paper describes a study that examined parents' beliefs about children's number skill development. Twenty-seven parents of 4- and 5-year-olds were interviewed about number tasks that could be solved by children between the ages of 4 and 7 years. In addition, parents were asked a series of open-ended questions about how they would answer a…

Hypothesizing that subtraction of (negative) integers requires formal operations, the author describes a study of children's understanding of related concepts. The study involves the use of apparatus embodying properties of the number line. (SD)

The author describes a model for operations on the set of rationals. Thi s model, used by students in a laboratory situation, is based on an easily constructed number balance. (SD)

By varying task conditions and constraints on subjects, this study attempted to extend and refine a developmental theory of partitioning as a foundational process undergirding children's construction of a rational number. Subjects were 31 preponderantly higher-grade pupils enrolled at an elementary school in Nova Scotia, Canada. Two tasks were…

A two-year study was conducted with fourth-grade children in the context of extensive teaching experiments concerned with the learning of rational number concepts. Representational difficulties in using the number line model were investigated. While instruction in the second year attempted to resolve observed learning difficulties, the results of…

The activities presented are all designed to encourage children to learn about the structure of whole numbers by looking at number patterns in various ways. (DT)

Instruction on properties of whole numbers, the meanings of operations on whole numbers, symbolic representation and algorithms for completing these operations is discussed. Many activities appropriate to each of these topics, and suitable for primary school children, are presented. (SD)

A series of activities designed to help primary school children understand the meaning of the term "fraction," the symbolization, and equivalence of fractions are presented. Identification of units and pictorial representation are stressed, as is the uses of concrete materials. (SD)

IT IS SUGGESTED THAT THE SECOND YEAR OF ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTION SHOULD BEGIN, IF NECESSARY, WITH REVIEW OF THE WORK OF THE PREVIOUS GRADE. THE NUMBER SYSTEM SHOULD BE DEVELOPED WITH BACKWARD AND FORWARD COUNTING AND THE INTRODUCTION OF 10 AND THE ZERO. THE WHOLE NUMBERS UNIT SHOULD DEVELOP MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION FACTS THROUGH GROUPS UP TO…

This is one in a series of SMSG supplementary and enrichment pamphlets for high school students. This series is designed to make material for the study of topics of special interest to students readily accessible in classroom quantity. Topics covered include primes, factors, divisibility, greatest common factor, least common multiple, Robinson's…

This is one in a series of SMSG supplementary and enrichment pamphlets for high school students. This series makes available expository articles which appeared in a variety of mathematical periodicals. Topics covered include: (1) the prime numbers; (2) mathematical sieves; (3) the factorgram; and (4) perfect numbers. (MP)

This is one in a series of SMSG supplementary and enrichment pamphlets for high school students. This series makes available expository articles which appeared in a variety of mathematical periodicals. Topics covered include: (1) is there an infinity; (2) infinity and its presentation at the high school level; (3) the hierarchy of infinities and…