We describe a method that instructors can use to grade tests and assignments that can be used in follow-up inquiry-based activities in class to review material. The grading process is essentially a sorting of student assignment/test responses based on the instructor's conception of what makes responses acceptable. The instructor can assign a grade…

This paper uses the commognitive framework to analyse how a group of four primary school students classify odd and even numbers. The findings show how students' reasoning is grounded in their personal uses of "odd" and "even". The students attend to different features of "oddness" and "evenness" and agree on…

This mixed-method study investigated higher education language instructors' experiences during the pivot from face-to-face teaching to online teaching during the stay-at-home order in the Spring of 2020. Eleven participants discussed their approach to teaching online for the first time. The present study provided a comprehensive view of language…

This study compared course passing and completion rates of undergraduate students to determine if there was any relationship between use of open educational resources (OER) and these two outcomes. Students who took OER courses and faculty who taught with OER shared their perceptions of the impact of such resources on learning outcomes and teaching…

This research is about the underlying process language learners rely on to be able to engage effectively in unscripted conversations without premeditation, or "improvisation." To engage in improvisation in another language, one needs to recognize those elements of the evolving cultural context that are significant at the moment. By…

This paper presents field-tested improvements over an 11-year period of a large-scale "Introduction to Information Systems" core business school course and provides a framework for implementation. Engagement and learning in large-scale courses can prove challenging, especially when the class is a requirement within a business school's…

This article introduces the use of Internet-mediated joint construction (JC) to engage second language (L2) writers to participate in virtual classroom activities in an online teaching environment. Affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, schools and universities in the People's Republic of China were required to rapidly transit to remote…

Equal representation as a social issue is about the participation of one social group, in a particular context, in proportion to the numbers in the group within the total population. The proportion of women in parliament, and of the participation rate of students of lower socioeconomic status in higher education, are examples. The aims of this…

Recognising children as active and competent citizens holds promise for early childhood research and pedagogies worldwide. Researchers in China have not previously explored young children's citizenship in detail. The project that is the focus of this article sought to address this research gap. Moss' critical approach and Chen's "Asia as…

The Learning Team at The Florida Aquarium in Tampa received funding in 2014 to create and conduct a long-term outdoor learning experience for Hillsborough County, Florida, fifth-grade students. The program was designed with four parts to optimize students' experiences in their local watershed, including both classroom and field activities. This…

Teaching with virtual worlds provides new means for collaborative learning but creates challenges for teachers in terms of IT skills. To address these challenges, we developed a teaching model for using virtual worlds in classroom practices and applied it to Minecraft in several rounds of design-based research experiments. Our conceptual framework…

Classroom-based physical activity (CBPA) is increasingly recommended as a method to support children's physical activity, health, and academic performance. Many adoption-ready programs exist to aid in the implementation of CBPA in schools; yet, implementation rates remain low. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which resources…

Grounded in the bioecological model of human development and attachment theory, this study examined whether the proportion of time children spend in activity settings in the kindergarten classroom moderated the relationship between teacher-child relationship quality and children's kindergarten academic and social-emotional outcomes. Participants…

This document presents the proceedings of the 29th Annual Research Forum held June 26, 2025, at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Included are the following eight action research papers: (1) The Influence of Cross-Curricular Pedagogy on Student Engagement in ELA Classrooms (Anna Breaugh); (2) The Influence of Guided Free…

Purpose: Few studies have examined student teachers' perceptions of teaching materials on democracy. For the purpose of addressing how teacher education in social science might contribute to student teachers' qualifications for teaching democracy, this study investigated student teachers' perceptions of the 'Democracy Cake' as a set of teaching…