Adolescents and young adults (n=120) were assessed on their use and understanding of concordant and discordant adverbial conjuncts. Results demonstrated an increasing ability with age to use and understand these words in the written mode, with mastery in usage trailing understanding. Concordant and discordant conjuncts were equally difficult.…

The motives for the integration of French elements into Lubumbashi Swahili are investigated. Based on an analysis of three different texts, it is argued that the mixing process is carefully regulated and controlled to serve several communicative functions. (18 references) (Author/LB)

Discusses the widespread use of English as a world business language, reasons for its spread, standard and nonstandard "Englishes," and causes and cures for misunderstandings. (SR)

Reviews three articles in this journal on pretend play and focuses on the communicative activity through which social pretending is created. Suggests that, despite recent advances toward understanding techniques by which children construct make-believe, further examination of conversational exchanges and sequences of this complex activity is…

The French law proposed in February 1994 concerning the proper use of the French language in France is discussed. The law's content, intent, and origins are described, including the history of legislation concerning regulation of French since 1539. Public opinion concerning regulation of the language is examined. (MSE)

Considers the right students have to the use of their own idiom in the classroom. Gives a historical overview of the 1974 "Students' Right" document prepared by the Conference on College Composition and Communication. Calls for a new view of language among English teachers. (HB)

In view of the prevalence of inappropriate classroom and school contexts of interaction for minority children, work from outside Canada is presented as complementary theory for those planning culturally appropriate education for native Indian and Inuit children within Canada. (47 references) (Author/LB)

Discussion of language planning focuses on a study that addressed the effects of the introduction of Portuguese as the official language by the newly independent government of Mozambique on a target audience that spoke eight various other languages. Relationships between national language policies and popular language usage are discussed. (37…

Describes a course in which students learn to write rich, accurate, precise, objective description, develop a sensitivity to honest, uninflated language, and demonstrate these skills by producing an action proposal. Describes the three sections of the course: objective description, lessons in language, and grand proposals. (PRA)

Describes the history and current usage of three minority languages: Gaelic and Scots in Scotland and Catalan in the Spanish autonomous region of Catalonia. Discusses the role of language in cultural identity, preservation, and revitalization and government policies on language of instruction, teacher education, and bilingual education. (SV)

The alleged persistence of first-language dominance for arithmetic operations in bilinguals was investigated. Thirty-two Japanese-English bilinguals aged, 19-58, years solved arithmetic problems presented auditorily. Reaction time varied for short-term and long-term U.S. residents. (16 references) (Author/LB)

The authors respond to comments on their article, "Back Channels Revisited." The current state of the art in acknowledgement token research is outlined with particular reference to the turn-initial token "yeah." Contrastive uses of acknowledgement tokens are described. (20 references) (LB)

One way in which larger social conflicts influence classroom conversations is described. The analysis of linguistic clues uncovers conflict at an implicit level between worker-class White teachers and lower-class African-American students. A level of interactional activity is described in which speakers implicitly position themselves with respect…

Focusing on Brunei, issues of bilingualism and the establishment of stable bilingualism are addressed. Forces influencing bilingual policy, the language-identity issue, need for assessment of community language status, and perceptions regarding education are discussed. Careful monitoring of Brunei's policy is suggested. (Contains 33 references.)…

Discusses some of the theoretical issues underlying the study of Chinese dialects, reviews the historical background within which the dialects were formed, and reviews some ongoing studies that appear promising for increasing understanding of how dialects are structured and how they are changing. (CB)