Eye tracking has taken hold in second language acquisition (SLA) and bilingualism as a valuable technique for researching cognitive processes, yet a comprehensive picture of reporting practices is still lacking. Our systematic review addressed this gap. We synthesized 145 empirical eye-tracking studies, coding for 58 reporting features and…

We are at a critical moment for assessment in schools. Teachers are called to navigate advances in classroom assessment research, top-down assessment policies, and lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on teaching and learning. Embedded in this context are also systemic challenges to teachers' assessment practice. This paper analyses these…

Misleading data visualizations have become a significant issue in our information-rich world due to their negative impact on informed decision-making. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the factors that make viewers vulnerable to misleading data visualizations and to explore effective instructional supports that can help viewers combat the…

Data mining has been successfully and widely utilized in educational information systems, and an important research field has been formed, which is educational data mining. Process mining inherits the characteristics of data mining which can not only use historical data in the system to analyze learning behavior and predict academic performance,…

This study demonstrates how to evaluate a university-wide online course designed to support student transition into university by using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Doubly Robust Estimation (DRE). Using data from seven academic years, from 2016/17 to 2022/23, with more than 28,000 students, we examine whether enrolment in this optional…

In the boxplot, the box always represents -- regardless of its area -- the middle half of the data and thus a measure of variability (interquartile range). However, when students first learn about boxplots, they are usual already familiar with other forms of statistical representations (e.g., bar or circle graphs) in which a larger area represents…

Many schools choose to organise students into classes according to their perceived "ability", despite evidence that the practice is not beneficial for students, overall. Class grouping by "ability" can exacerbate existing social inequalities by segregating students according to pre-existing educational advantage, which has…

How does one overcome the challenges to finding time for meaningful professional learning? The authors asked seven experts in the field, and these practitioners offer powerful strategies for making better use of educator time. An example from Illinois centers student data in school systems as an essential component of a school's overall commitment…

This study employs a bibliometric approach to analyse common research themes, high-impact publications and research venues, identify the most recent transformative research, and map the developmental stages of data-driven learning (DDL) since its genesis. A dataset of 126 articles and 3,297 cited references (1994-2021) retrieved from the Web of…

This paper scrutinizes the increasing trend of using international large-scale assessment (ILSA) data for causal inferences in educational research, arguing that such inferences are often tenuous. We explore the complexities of causality within ILSAs, highlighting the methodological constraints that challenge the validity of causal claims derived…

This article presents methods for using extant data to improve the properties of estimators of the standardized mean difference (SMD) effect size. Because samples recruited into education research studies are often more homogeneous than the populations of policy interest, the variation in educational outcomes can be smaller in these samples than…

This policy brief has been prepared by the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) for the UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) Regional Conference, held in Manila from 5 to 7 November 2024. This brief is in response to the conference sub-theme of, 'Learning, equity and well-being: foundational literacy,…

An efficient assessment cycle is a necessary component of early literacy instruction. To support student growth, educators must screen, diagnose, and monitor student progress. Diagnostic assessments provide critical information that can empower educators to address student needs. Using information from diagnostic assessments requires educators to…

The concept of statistical sense provides an understanding of the goals of statistics education and helps to clarify the design of activities that promote the development of statistical literacy, reasoning and thinking. The new approaches to statistics in schools mean special attention must be paid to teacher training. This training should enable…

Amid calls for evaluations to advance equity, there are ongoing debates, varied guidance, and limited empirical research on how evaluators practically attend to equity in their work. This article identifies ethical questions--about the right thing to do when there are multiple options--that arise when evaluators attend to equity and factors that…