Evaluates therapeutic efficacy of Beck's cognitive treatment and Lewinsohn's behavioral treatment of depression. Results indicated the cognitive modification group was the most effective in alleviating depression as measured by self-report and objective clinical ratings. Cognitive modification resulted in significantly fewer depressive symptoms…

Investigated the effects of three counseling interventions on women's body image and self-concept (cognitive therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, and reflective therapy), using Secord and Jourard's Body-Cathexis and Self-Cathexis Scales. All participants improved in body image and self-concept. Cognitive therapy was most effective for body image,…

Examined alcohol expectancies and drinking motives as correlates of alcohol involvement among adolescents at risk for future alcoholism. Expectancies of altered social behavior were associated with low-risk drinking. Expectancies of enhanced cognitive and motor functioning, of tension reduction, of deteriorated cognitive and behavioral…

Three preschool children participated in a behavioral training program to improve their gross-motor skills. Results indicated that the program improved the 10 targeted gross-motor skills and that improvements sometimes generalized to other settings. The program did not produce changes in fine-motor skills or social behaviors. Implications are…

Describes a model for the cross-cultural training of adults. Three learning steps are explained, including (1) values, beliefs, and assumptions of American culture contrasted with those of the host culture; (2) specific communication situations analyzed in terms of formal, prescriptive behaviors; and (3) contact with people and situations of the…

The mental health consequences of having a handicapped brother or sister and factors that may be related to psychological adjustment are discussed. Also explored are the use of parental consultation, behavior modification, and discussion groups as potential intervention strategies with siblings of the handicapped. (Author)

Explored ways elderly people (N=30) manage urinary incontinence. Subjects tended to dismiss their urinary incontinence as a normal part of aging and used various behavioral and psychological strategies to maintain their independence, usually without any assistance from the health professions. Management strategies commonly involved some degree of…

An intermittent reinforcement procedure using tangible reinforcers was successful in maintaining the occurrence of nutritious snack choices by three developmentally normal preschoolers (ages 4-5), behaviors which had initially been established using correspondence training procedures. (JW)

This research project tested the effects of two behavior modification programs, one emphasizing self-control and one traditional nutrition education, on the snacking habits of 91 fourth grade students. The project's methodology is discussed. (JL)

The effects of an overcorrection procedure on stereotypic behavior of two students (ages 11 and 12) with severe multiple handicaps were investigated in a cooperative school/home program. Results indicated successful implementation of overcorrection by professionals, paraprofessionals, and parents in both school and home settings. (Author/DB)

The article provides a review of behavioral staff training (focusing on antecedent, contingency management, and multi-faceted procedures) in special education settings, primarily institutions. Techniques are discussed according to such criteria as evaluation of staff behavior, changes in client behavior, inclusion of follow-up observations, and…

Considers counseling techniques of systematic desensitization, anxiety management training, systematic rational restructuring, and stress inoculation. Identifies unique and complimentary strengths of each technique with clients manifesting different types of anxiety. Provides both conceptual and research approaches to such an identification. (NB)

The study examined effects of varied punishers (overcorrection, time-out, or a verbal "no" compared with the single presentation of one punisher (a loud noise) on occurrence of inappropriate behaviors in three developmentally delayed children (ages 5-6). Both formats produced a decrease in target behaviors, with the varied-punisher format slightly…

Examines three behavioral strategies in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for formal treatment for physical and psychosocial sequelae of myocardial infarction (MI): exercise therapy, Type A modification, and nonspecific psychological therapies. Concludes CR improves the quality of life among post-MI patients, but does not prolong life or significantly…

Tested an anorectic agent, diethylpropion hydrochloride (Tenuate), with a 20-week cognitive-behavioral (CB) weight loss program. Demonstrated significant weight loss under all treatment conditions, with the Tenuate/CB group superior to placebo plus therapy and therapy alone, during the latter half of the drug treatment period. (Author/KS)