This research was funded to address the need for more understanding about the distribution of closures and openings in England, particularly about deprivation, given the government's desire for Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) provision to include and support disadvantaged children. This research was also interested in the distribution of openings and closures relative to nursery ownership type, given growing concerns around the impact of private-equity business models in the sector. This report addresses this gap in evidence by providing robust and up-to-date data about nursery closures and openings. The research aimed to address three key research questions: (1) What is the geographical distribution of nursery closures in relation to deprivation, between 2018 and 2024, in England?; (2) What is the geographical distribution of nursery closures in England by ownership type between 2018 and 2024?; and (3) What are the nursery workers' experiences of closures and takeovers?