Much of the violence in the schools could be stymied if teachers were psychologically prepared to deal with it and could depend on administrative support. Techniques for managing violent behavior are outlined, including positive attention, physical cuing, physical proximity, stimulus reduction, and positive timeouts. (PP)

Investigated the effects of inconsistency between counselor's verbal and nonverbal behavior on student perceptions of a counselor as empathic, genuine, and expert. Results indicated that nonverbal behavior increased the impact of a congruent verbal message and altered an accompanying incongruent verbal message in the direction of the nonverbal…

Cognition, as a key semantic descriptor, is examined to discover how its use reveals Western attitudes toward knowledge acquisition and toward art as a subject area. (Author/CS)

A study showed that mentally retarded children can be taught rather easily to verbalize instructions, suggesting that past difficulty in such training was due more to inadequate procedures than to inherent difficulties related to children's ability to self-instruct. Correspondence between the children's verbal and nonverbal behavior was also…

Apparently positive behaviors, such as praise, help-giving and pity, may indicate low estimation of ability to the student, and blame, relative neglect, and anger may be perceived by the recipient as high estimations of ability. These behaviors influence recipient self-perception and determine expectations, affective reactions and performance.…

Examined various kinds of sending-receiving relationships. Males (N=10) and females (N=10) served as both senders and receivers of nonverbal expressions. Females were found to be significantly better receivers but not significantly better senders than males. (Author/RC)

Examines nonverbal expressions of power and control in the daily lives of old people from a life-span perspective. Because of societal devaluation of the aged and later life declines in power resources, old people experience loss of status and social control during everyday nonverbal rituals of dominance and deference. (Author)

The success of distance teaching depends largely on students' comprehension and appreciation of print communication. A communication gap exists, and many students are unable to recognize levels of complexity presented to them. Changes in course structure can help alleviate this learning problem. (MSE)

Effects of mothers' contingent and non-contingent vocal stimulation on vocalization and looking behavior was investigated in 10 Down's Syndrome infants. Neither condition increased infant vocalization but results suggest that looking behavior may be an important indication of competence in pre-linguistic social communication for developmentally…

Presents abbreviated abstracts of selected documents from the 1979-81 issues of "Resources in Education." Covers the following categories: research studies; analysis systems for the classroom; nonverbal communication in the library; nonverbal deception studies; and teaching nonverbal communication. (PD)

Examines how parents use nonverbal behaviors in family situations. Results revealed that nonverbal behaviors which parents model for their children vary with the number of family members interacting, the gender of the offspring, and the gender of the parent. Results were discussed in terms of family dynamics. (Author)

The forms and functions of nonverbal gestures accompanying verbal directives in the free play of three children were examined. Results showed that gestures supplement verbal communication and increase in complexity with age, supporting the viewpoint that language develops as a social and cognitive skill. (PMJ)

Presents a state-of-the-art of the reference interview with emphasis on evaluation. Article discusses the interview in terms of its components and which of them can be measured or evaluated. Components include performance of professionals v nonprofessionals, physical setting, verbal and nonverbal behavior, and user satisfaction. Implications are…

Describes the development of a 13-item self-report Affective Communication Test (ACT) and reports on studies showing the ACT to be a reliable and valid measure of individual differences in expressiveness or "charisma." (Author/SS)

The author discusses kinesics, nonverbal communication or body language; states that business educators must teach the nonverbal aspects of communication along with its written and oral elements; and offers suggestions for incorporating a unit on kinesics in business English or business communications classes. (MF)