Identifies current issues in argumentation by reviewing writings in "JAFA," a scholarly journal with an argumentation focus. Also examines seven recent undergraduate texts in terms of their treatment of those issues. (PD)

Analyzes and categorizes directional factors, and exploratory sequences related to them, via videotaped sessions of two teenage school work groups. Shows stimuli which initiate exploratory sequences are found for all directional factors in problem solving or decision making. Reveals rule-governed or routinized behavior relates to directional…

This study involved the identification of perceptions of three groups--working students, their supervisors, and the faculty at the University of the District of Columbia--about the gap that exists between education and the world of work in the area of business communications. (Author/SSH)

Children's responses to requests for clarification varying in explicitness are examined. Some possible relations between personality dimensions, developmental level, academic status, and understanding of the rules of conversational turn-taking are explored. Findings suggest that these variables must be considered in order to understand individual…

Found that in poorly adjusted relationships, high levels of stress during conflict discussions (1) increase blame; (2) decrease communicative complexity; (3) may affect speech productivity; but (4) do not affect speech hesitation. Calls for moderation in stress levels and social cognitive bias so that people can communicate in a flexible way. (PD)

Strategies must be developed to assist in making the parent teacher conference run smoothly. The feelings and goals of the parents need to be taken into consideration. Nonverbal as well as verbal strategies should be designed. (JN)

Examined the development of communicative competence in deaf children and its interactions with use of communicative gestures and/or words. Data indicated (1) the use of communicative gestures increased with age while speech remained constant; and (2) the number of gestures used correlated with communicative accuracy. Difficulty level influenced…

Examined whether toddler peers use hitting as a means of communication. Results demonstrated that hitting systematically resulted in different social outcomes for two-year-olds but not for one- or three-year-olds. The authors speculate that how gestures are used in nonverbal communication may change as verbal communication comes to dominate peer…

Reports on a study which sought to determine the effect of family tactile history on attitude toward touch in public, and the relationship between this tactile history and the frequency of public touching behavior. (Author/AM)

Reviews major findings on the relationship of attitudes and motives to second language learning, proposes a framework within which other psychological variables may be considered, and urges the consideration of nonverbal variables involved in cross-cultural communication. (Author/AM)

This article describes a study concerning temporary territories in public settings. Implications of the results for territorial typologies, animal-human territorial differences, and future research on human territoriality are outlined. (Author/SA)

Physicians, nurses, social workers, and counselors often fail to relate effectively to the dying and the bereaved. They must first come to terms with their own feelings about death in order to respond to others. (Author/JAC)

Investigated the effects of nonverbal warm-up exercises on group effectiveness as compared to a group using verbal warm-up exercises. Results support the hypothesis that nonverbal warm-up exercises add to the effectiveness of the group counseling process. (RC)

Describes the spiritual or "soulful" aspects of Afro-American culture and indicates its relationship to the cognitive development of Black children. Points out conflicts that result when Black children are evaluated from an Anglo-centric framework. (Author/RH)

Reviews nonverbal behavior research which reveals a recurrent theme of greater politeness and accommodation by women rather than men in the encoding and decoding of nonverbal cues. These findings complement a large literature on sex differences which suggests that women are more emotionally expressive, sensitive, supportive, and accommodating than…