A study was conducted to assess the relationship between printed t-shirts and communication apprehension. In the first phase of the study, self-reports were used to categorize 206 college students as either high or low in communication apprehension. The second phase of the study consisted of others' evaluations of t-shirts worn by selected…

Recent findings on the communicative functions of the left versus the right hemisphere of the brain may suggest that there is a distinction between the intentional use of symbols for the sending of specific messages or propositions (language, signing, pantomime) and spontaneous expressive behaviors that signal their meaning through a natural…

Data on four infants between the ages of 12 and 20 months were collected to answer two questions about children's communication behavior. (1) Is there a correspondence between communicative intentions expressed in gestures and vocal utterances? If both spring from common organismic tendencies, it should be possible to discern an "indicating"…

Reported are the proceedings, immediate results, and recommendations of a national workshop series designed to disseminate information on communication intervention techniques for the nonvocal severely handicapped child. Provided is information on the locations, dates, and presentors for the workshops; workshop content; preparation of the resource…

Both balance and reinforcement theories were used in an examination of the perceptual distortion of height among 146 college debaters. Balance theory predicted that losers would distort winners' heights upward; reinforcement theory predicted that winners would distort losers' heights upward. The results confirmed both predictions. The possibility…

Present research explored whether crowding effects are caused by subjects or by those with whom they are crowded. In one experiment, 45 male, female, or mixed-sex pairs of subjects discussed a legal case, each pair seated first five feet apart and then almost touching. All subjects reacted more negatively when crowded with males than with females.…

A sample of 118 children in kindergarten through grade three participated in this study of the effects of illustrations on pupils' nonverbal responses to the story "The Giving Tree." Children in the experimental group were shown none of the illustrations in the book; the control group were shown all of the original illustrations. After…

Procedures used during a 5-week assessment phase of a simultaneous communication program for five severely dysfunctional nonverbal children (5-9 years old) are described, and techniques for assessing autistic children are discussed. Indications from measuring the gestural communication of 5 dysfunctional Ss following communication training include…

Examined were the relationships between attitudes toward the handicapped and nonverbal behavior of 60 special education teachers involved in inservice or preservice coursework. Ss were administered the Attitudes Toward Handicapped Individuals (ATHI) Scale and the Nonverbal Behavior Characteristics Scale (NBCS). Analysis of the data indicated a…

This study was concerned with age changes in the size of repertoire, rate of display, and complexity of facial expressions in preschool children. Nine children in each of the age groups, 3-3 1/2, 4-4 1/2, and 5-5 1/2 years, were videotaped as they participated in free play (without formal supervision) on their nursery school playground. The…

Fifty volunteer undergraduate students majoring in speech pathology and audiology at the University of North Dakota tested the following hypotheses: (1) leaders exhibit significantly more nonverbal cues than do nonleaders in task-oriented and informal small groups; (2) members of task-oriented small groups exhibit significantly more nonverbal cues…

A study was designed 1) to develop and test a conceptual model for viewing teacher-pupil communicative relationships in the classroom, 2) to determine if systematic observations of teacher behavior are useful in analyzing communication events, and 3) to determine if data on teacher nonverbal and verbal behavior are more useful than on verbal…

Sociolinguistic data regarding code selection and nonverbal modes of learning are examined in the gesture communication system of the (Oglala and Brule) Sioux. Sign language is viewed as an extra-linguistic mode of communication currently in use in Indian classrooms. It is one alternative to literacy as a means of communication; however, this is…

Pertaining to studies in communication behavior, this bibliography consists of pertinent articles in academic journals which regularly publish behavior studies related to communication, and relevant English language books published during the period January 1, 1972, through May 31, 1973, as well as those published prior to 1972 but not cited in…

This experiment involves an attempt to develop a paradigm for measuring nonverbal expressiveness in young children, measured in terms of "sending ability" (an individual's ability to send accurate and appropriate nonverbal messages to others). Nursery school children viewed a series of 16 slides described as familiar, unfamiliar, unpleasant, or…