Theorizes that workplace sexual harassment results from the complex interplay of ambivalent motives and gender stereotyping of women and jobs. It argues that ambivalence combines hostile and "benevolent" sexist motives based on paternalism, gender differentiation, and heterosexuality and that organizational context can encourage or discourage the…

Discusses the importance of improving the relationship between content and student motivation, underscoring the problems, purposes, and possibilities for creating a connection between the two. After reviewing psychological implications that influence learning processes, the paper discusses schools' intended purposes and presents practical…

Managing the psychological depth of responses to adventure activities calls for the leader to attend to own language and language of group participants. Describes eight levels of psychological depth occurring during group discussion and interaction. Addresses the need to stay at or above the agreed-upon level and avoid moving into psychotherapy.…

Assessed 215 children's relatedness to their teachers. Children were 7 to 13 years old, and 115 of them had received social services related to maltreatment. Five patterns of relatedness to teachers were identified. Maltreated children were less likely than nonmaltreated children to display optimal patterns of relatedness to teachers. (BC)

This study of psychosocial well-being among 172 Australian parents of children with autism found that fathers and those parents receiving more social support had lower scores of depression, anxiety, and anger. Age of symptom onset was related to depression but not to anxiety and anger. No relationship was found between coping behaviors and…

This study found that, compared to nonmaltreated children, 19 children (ages 8-13) who had been physically and emotionally abused by their parents showed greater depressive symptomatology, including feelings of sadness, lower self-esteem and self-worth, and perceived lack of control over aversive events (helplessness). (Author/JDD)

Describes journal issue's framework and invited articles. Presents transactional approach to environmental stress, identifying and taxonomizing multilevel positive and negative outcomes experienced by elderly rural town residents. Describes contextual taxonomy, offering possible outcomes and relevance to other issues for rural psychologists and…

A study of psychological and academic adjustments of 130 adopted children of 6 to 12 years of age living in 5 different family constellations showed few significant differences from 1 family cluster to another. These results suggest that family structure plays a minor role in adjustment to adoption. (Author/BB)

A study of 175 Jefferson Medical College (Pennsylvania) students compared psychosocial characteristics with basic science examination grades, clinical examination grades, and ratings of clinical competence as performance measures. Results indicate the noncognitive psychosocial measures are significant and unique predictors of medical school…

Among 110 Mexican-American adolescents with varying drug use histories, self-reported physical health problems were not related to inhalant use history, but blood analyses indicated a relationship between extensive inhalant use and liver problems. Psychological distress symptoms were related to inhalant use and physical symptoms. Contains 23…

Performance of 80 college students on class examinations was studied in relation to self-reported levels of state, trait, and general test anxiety. Data show no relationship between state anxiety and performance. However, general test anxiety was related to examination performance. Test anxious students may not prepare well for examinations. (SLD)

Thirteen subjects with autism and 13 with Down's syndrome (ages 5-27) were compared on their ability to respond appropriately to conversational "social scripts" concerning another person's distress. Compared to autistic subjects, subjects with Down's syndrome gave a greater percentage of relevant suggestions and sympathetic comments, and…

Applies the economic concept of relative prices to the blockaded Confederacy during the U.S. Civil War. Describes how the Union blockade encouraged blockade runners to supply luxury items while soldiers lacked food, clothing, and ammunition. Contends that the resultant demoralization was a factor in the demise of the Confederacy. (CFR)

This study compared 28 preadolescents, either with or without learning disabilities (LD). Students with LD had less effective monitoring skills, lower attributions to effort, and a wider range of depressive symptoms. Results are discussed in relation to Borkowski's model that relates behavioral patterns of children facing school tasks with…

This article reviews the characteristics of children who exhibit a behavior pattern characterized by hyperactivity-impulsivity-inattention coupled with conduct problems such as fighting, stealing, truancy, noncompliance, and arguing. Procedures for early identification of these so-called "fledgling psychopaths" are described and discussed.…