Both external locus of control (i.e., a generalized expectancy that reinforcement is controlled by luck or fate instead of oneself) and internal locus of attribution (i.e., beliefs that success or failure result from an individual's actions rather than external causes) have been related to depression. To examine the relationship of attributions…

Job stress among institutional researchers and approaches to managing or coping with stress are considered. In considering different types of stressors and stress reactions, it is noted that stress from all sources is cumulative and cannot be ignored during the workday, and that both pleasant and unpleasant happenings can result in stress. One…

The author, who is physically handicapped herself, maintains that society must be reeducated so that the handicapped can discuss and fulfill their needs and emotions, psychologically as well as sexually. She presents some methods for counseling handicapped clients. (Author/HMV)

This study examines how homosexual men and women deal with interpersonal conflict. Subjects (N=122) were asked to describe a conflict involving homosexuality and to rate the civil liberties and psychological issues involved. Results are discussed in terms of choices of issues for resolving conflict through negotiation. Implications for counseling…

Man as a biopsychosocial creature has three ultimate needs: individual well-being, social alliances, and the need to seek existential meaning. He may sustain injuries in pursuit of this quest. An attempt is made to provide insight into and understanding of the nature of the trauma and possible amelioration of pain. The 1974 Donald P. Kent Award…

The author outlines a cognitive approach for explaining how and why people use values as defenses. He examines the relationship between defensive values and irrational beliefs, suggests a number of criteria for diagnosing the presence of defensive values, and proposes some strategies for dealing with defensive values in counseling. (Author)

Study investigates the relationship between assertiveness and patterns of drug use. Found exploratory use of marijuana and hashish was the norm among this sample of college students. Current users and those never using such drugs were less assertive than those who had experienced these drugs but no longer did so. (Author)

This study examines the frequency of depression among freshmen through a retrospective inventory completed by 158 randomly selected sophomores. Of these, 75 percent reported having experienced at least mild depression in the preceding year. The study indicates that frequency of depression is generally underestimated. (SJL)

Examines the relation of depression to locus of control and to the perceived causes of depression in a nonpsychiatric population. Findings suggest that adolescent females tend to hold themselves more responsible than males for unsatisfactory personal situations, and this extends to the attribution of causes for unhappy moods. (Author/PC)

Previous research on the relationship between workplace stressors and physical health symptoms in men has generated such important insights as the importance of job demand or overload to physical health. However, research on women, work and health raises several necessary additions to the paradigm: (1) a focus on the positive aspects of the…

Research into the experiential determinants of stress-related health measures has progressed dramatically in the last 10 years. Examination of the relationship between life events and psychological distress has been redirected from an early emphasis on major life events to a focus on minor events, i.e., the positive and negative happenings in…

There are several variables at work in any piece of writing and some combinations of these variables can cause serious problems for some students. The first area where two of these variables occur is in the notion of what a college education is. The subject matter to be learned is one variable in what education means, and the second variable is…

Most child abuse has a violent quality. A review of the research on child abusers reveals some interesting psychosocial and historical characteristics. Research has shown violence to be more likely in less stable populations, in persons with poor driving records and histories of severe accidents, and in those who are undereducated and unsuccessful…

Aimed both at readers interested in cognition and/or writing and at instructional psychologists, this book explores the notion that various writing strategies involve different kinds of thinking, which ultimately affect the written product. The first part presents concepts central to the writing process, including two models of this process, an…

The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend previous research on the relationship between communication apprehension (CA), biological sex, and psychological gender. With the objective of reducing the potential for instrument bias, the possibilities for context dependent effects were explored to a greater degree than in past studies and…