The differential effects of self- and other-directed negative affect on subsequent generosity are explored in two studies, both using a modified version of the direct mood inducement procedure (Moore, 1973). Subjects (N=85) in the first experiment were children aged 7-12. Subjects (N=48) in the second experiment were college undergraduates.…

THE LACK OF CONSENSUS AMONG MEDICAL-LEGAL AUTHORITIES AS TO THE MEANING OF DELINQUENCY AND THE MANAGEMENT OF DELINQUENT CHILDREN IS DESCRIBED. THIS CONFLICT IS GENERAL IN THAT THE LEGAL DEFINITION EMPHASIZES BEHAVIOR AND ACTION WHILE THE PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFINITION EMPHASIZES THE ENDOPSYCHIC CONFLICT AND NEED MOTIVATING THE BEHAVIOR. EMPHASIS IS…

THIS STUDY DEMONSTRATES THE EFFECT OF LISTENING TO TAPE RECORDINGS ON STUDENT COUNSELOR'S (SC) COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR. SIX 5-MINUTE TAPES WERE VALIDATED TO PRESENT THREE KINDS OF CLIENT RESPONSES TO THE COUNSELOR--(1) NEGATIVE AND HOSTILE, (2) POSITIVE AND SUPPORTIVE, AND (3) NEUTRAL. AFTER LISTENING TO THE TAPES, THE SUBJECTS WERE ASKED TO PERFORM…

This study's purpose was to investigate effects of heightened anxiety upon writing performance of subjects with different levels of creativity and prior anxiety. Eighty ninth-graders were divided by median splits on test scores into high and low creativity and prior anxiety levels. Subjects produced editorial essays half under high and half under…

Prompted by the lack of information about the post-parental, pre-retirement generation, this study identified the nature of stress in the lives of a stratified cluster sample of 113 men and women who were 45 through 64 years of age. In semi-structured, in-depth interviews with experienced M.S.W. social workers, subjects identified the stressful…

Type A behavior is characterized by extremes of time-urgency, competitive achievement striving, impatience and hostility. Type A persons have distinct patterns of responding to opponents' strategies for lowering hostility. Since minimum retaliation allows the opponent control over one's behavior, the strategy should effectively lower Type A…

It is generally assumed that it is difficult to induce behavioral and/or attitudinal change in older adults, especially if the target behaviors or attitudes represent important, central, or well-established patterns. An experimental study with 80 actively functioning women aged 65-74 was designed to test these assumptions with respect to food…

Understanding, one of the chief components of prevention in mental health, is not for the researcher or clinician only, but for all who may be concerned with their own conflict and pain or that of family members. Looking at neurotic disorders requires the examination of guilt which burdens individuals as they realize their failure to fulfill…

A study was undertaken to examine the impact of the paralinguistic channel on the ability to encode facial expressions of emotion. The first set of subjects, 19 encoders, were asked to encode facial expressions for five emotions (fear, sadness, anger, happiness, and disgust). The emotions were produced in three encoding conditions: facial channel…

Subjects judged the behavior of a target person who had helped or not helped a person in distress while the target person was either alone or with confederates who also had helped or not helped. In addition, subjects were told that either (1) 80 percent of all persons tested had helped, (2) 20 percent had helped, or (3) nothing about the…

This is a bibliography of literature on the subject of tension. Books, films, and periodicals with a bearing on stress, relaxation, anxiety, and/or methods of controlling stress are listed from the fields of physiology, psychology, and philosophy. New methods such as transcendental meditation and biofeedback are analyzed briefly and criteria are…

This paper discusses work on hypnotic amnesia as a paradigm of laboratory induced state-specific memory. Earlier research on sleep-specific learning and learning in varied states of consciousness is reviewed. Posthypnotic amnesia is viewed as an effective method of studying state-specific recall of episodic experiences. It is noted that highly…

This paper is a plea for the recognition of the psychological and cultural value of pluralism in a nation. Government policies often discourage cultural pluralism in an attempt to promote national unity, but these policies suppress the individual's need for identity. Group interaction in complex societies may be divided into eight categories: (1)…

To investigate the effects of stuttering therapy involving the avoidance reduction - anxiety reduction approach, a study was conducted with 16 adult stutters who received group and individual therapy for two evenings a week for nine months. Evaluations were made nine months prior to therapy, at the beginning and end of therapy, and nine months…

Dealing with program ideas for secondary school youth, this book is a companion volume to the 1954 Yearbook of the American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, and is intended to speak to teachers and supervisors of health, physical education, and recreation. The book is divided into five parts, each containing chapter…