Love and loneliness hold special interest at a time when divorce and geographical mobility pull so many people apart. Attachment theory offers a useful integrative framework to study adolescent and adult love and loneliness. Attachment theory has three propositions: (1) when an individual is confident an attachment figure will be available when he…

To systematically test previous assumptions about grief in widows and divorcing women, 410 separated, divorced, or widowed women, between the ages of 23 and 76, with at least one child, completed the Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist, the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory--Form C, the Attachment Index, and the…

To examine the way in which mentally retarded children and adults in community living arrangements view notions of home and family, questionnaires were administered to direct care staff working with 151 retarded children and adults. Questionnaire items touched on such aspects as residents' age, sex, length and type of institutionalization,…

A series of empirical studies explored implications of shame and guilt for interpersonal relationships in childhood and adulthood. Among adults, shame experiences were rated as more painful than guilt experiences, and were clearly related to a desire to hide, to escape from interpersonal contact, and to punish others. Guilt was related to a desire…

David H. Olson's circumplex model identifies 16 types of family systems based on the dimensions of cohesion, adaptability, and communication. This paper relates the circumplex model to Native American familial structures. The historical Native American family was a multigenerational extended family with no desire for change, a description…

This first paper in the intrapersonal skills series presents a conceptual model of intrapersonal skills. Intrapersonal skills are defined as those skills individuals need to possess and perfect in order to manage themselves, and as a prerequisite to interpersonal skills. It is noted that intrapersonal skills are concerned with lessening internal…

Gender differences in spoken and unspoken emotional expression exist and may be related to gender differences in other realms, particularly in self-esteem. This literature review investigated gender differences in communication, particularly as related to emotional expressiveness, detection of emotional responses, and self-disclosures, in relation…

In an effort to understand the emotional impact of abuse, many studies have been conducted to investigate the type of emotional problems suffered by abused children and to identify variables which may make them susceptible to damage. For example, studies have correlated emotional problems with age at which abuse occurred and with the type and…

In spite of being very similar, the metaphorical models of anger in English and Spanish exhibit some differences too. These have been analyzed along a number of parameters: existence of the mapping in the language, degree of conceptual elaboration, degree of linguistic conventionalization and degree of linguistic exploitation. A number of examples…

The type of helper from which help is sought and the causal locus to which the help seeker's problem is attributed have been suggested as factors that affect the way help seekers are perceived. The present study investigated the social rejection of help seekers as a function of these two variables. (Author)

Recent research by Herman, Polivy, and their colleagues has been concerned with the determinants of self-control and disinhibition in dieters. The present paper summarizes a number of studies in which the reactions of dieters and nondieters to a variety of disinhibitory factors (preloading, emotional arousal, intoxication) were investigated. The…

Air traffic control, surgery, and teaching are probably three of the most potentially stressful occupations in the world. Stress can be benign and growth-producing or malignant and destructive, depending on three primary factors: 1) the possession of coping behaviors which are effective and for which there is feedback as to the degree of their…

This article deals with the potential for growth and development during the postdivorce period, using, as a conceptual frame of reference, developmental psychoanalytic psychology. (Author)

Studied the relationship between the tendency to hold certain irrational beliefs and the likelihood of becoming emotionally aroused in various types of situations. (Author)

Does mood vary as a function of age, sex, or situation? In four investigations, 6,452 persons aged 4 to 99 were interrupted at leisure, at home, at school, and at work and asked to assess their mood as being happy, neutral, or unhappy. (Author)