Examined Canadian and West German successful suicides for the years 1974-1977. Found that each gender displayed its own unique pattern of methods of suicide and that each age group had its own unique pattern of methods within each gender group. Found different patterns in trends of suicide for each age x gender x country x method of suicide…

Because career decision making affects all aspects of a person's life, career counseling must take into account client expectations, psychological characteristics and personality traits, nonverbal cues, and psychological variables affecting the counselor-client relationship. (SK)

Analysis of interviews with 23 child victims (aged 10-18 years) of childhood sexual abuse suggested that the victimization process involves 3 overlapping processes: sexualization of the relationship, justification of the sexual contact, and maintenance of the child's cooperation. (DB)

A hypothesis, based on concepts of narcissism and perversion, is presented of the mental functioning of the physically and sexually abusive parent. The concept also gives insight into the structuring of the personality of the child-victim, who undergoes the risk of himself becoming a physically and/or sexually abusive parent. (DB)

Describes an empirical study that examined the effects of computer use by children and adolescents for possible negative psycho-social effects. Results showed no indication of negative effects of working or playing with computers; data points toward certain positive effects of computer use. (Author/LS)

Examined congruence and differentiation in Black and White restaurant proprietors (N=40) and hospital aides (N=40). Results showed Black proprietors to be less congruent than White proprietors, and Black aides to be less differentiated than White aides. Found no racial differences on Holland's measure of consistency. (Author/ABL)

Investigated 34 4- and 5-year-olds and their parents to determine the children's behavioral, physiological, and verbal responses to adults' angry behavior. Findings indicate behavioral and verbal responses of distress and an increase in systolic blood pressure in response to anger. (RJC)

Interviews with 20 women from paternally incestuous families revealed that they felt a moderate degree of conflict between their roles as mother and wife. Strategies for coping with the conflict are categorized (social role redefinition, interpersonal role redefinition, intrapersonal role redefinition, or reactive role behavior) and evaluated in…

Using a 4-stage stress model, this study examined the relationship between stage 1 (stressors or demands) and stage 3 (stress response or coping) and between stage 3 and stage 4 (consequences of burnout) for 161 school superintendents and 495 principals. Results support the transactional view of stress and the conceptualization of the stress…

This study comparing 70 gifted children (ages 5-14) with 2 control groups revealed that emotional problems were not the result of gifted ability per se but of other disturbing matters such as others' expectations or family conflict. Academic underachievement was related to self-concept; gifted children's greater sensitivity was usually…

Reviews a double publication of the Swiss Orienteering Foundation. The theoretical part analyzes the psychological and psychophysiological demands of orienteering. The second and more applied publication is a series of working sheets for psychological training. Each step in training includes an introduction, exercises, working schedules, and…

This paper explores the tendency to regard the terms "emotional abuse" and "psychological abuse" as interchangeable. Existing commonly used definitions are reviewed, and new definitions are provided. Differences between mental and emotional consequences of child abuse are delineated and the implications of these differences for terminology usage…

This study examined personality traits in 63 pairs of fathers and mothers in which there was acknowledged child sexual abuse by the fathers. A minority of both mothers and offenders differed from norms on traits reflecting social inadequacy, but no personality deviations were prototypical in either group. No evidence for pervasive…

Examines the role of mood in precipitating relapses among alcohol-dependent participants from both a retrospective and predictive point of view. Support was found for a relationship between negative bias and the amount of negative mood assessed at the time the report was given. As previously found, the most frequent precipitant of relapses and…

Sexually active girls (n=64) at a clinic were surveyed. When those with a history of pregnancy were compared with never-pregnant girls, 2 significant differences were found: girls with pregnancy history had first intercourse at the mean age of 15 instead of 16, and scored higher on the "Powerful Other" Health Locus of Control subscale, a measure…