Tatsuoka (1984) suggested several extended caution indices and their standardized versions that have been used as person-fit statistics by researchers such as Drasgow, Levine, and McLaughlin (1987), Glas and Meijer (2003), and Molenaar and Hoijtink (1990). However, these indices are only defined for tests with dichotomous items. This paper extends…

The Computational Thinking recently has been recognised as one of the basic knowledge to be developed since childhood. Coding and computers are not just programming, but tools that help students to develop problem solving skills and more deep understand of the way things work. For these reasons, great attention has been focused on this topic both…

Age-period-cohort (APC) models are designed to estimate the independent effects of age, time periods, and cohort membership. However, APC models suffer from an identification problem: There are no unique estimates of the independent effects that fit the data best because of the exact linear dependency among age, period, and cohort. Among methods…

Gross Domestic Product of any country often influence economic decisions by policy makers, market participants and econometricians on policy recommendations, evaluation and forecasting. However these decisions are often based on preliminary data announcements by statistical agencies. It is therefore important to ensure that the preliminary GDP…

This article examines the possible dependency of composite reliability on presentation format of the elements of a multi-item measuring instrument. Using empirical data and a recent method for interval estimation of group differences in reliability, we demonstrate that the reliability of an instrument need not be the same when polarity of the…

Continuously administered examination programs, particularly credentialing programs that require graduation from educational programs, often experience seasonality where distributions of examine ability may differ over time. Such seasonality may affect the quality of important statistical processes, such as item response theory (IRT) item…

In this paper we analyze the effect of outside university work on time to first degree at German universities. The database is the "Absolventenpanel" 2001, a panel study conducted by the "Hochschul-Informations-System". Aiming to estimate the causal effect correctly, we apply a matching strategy based on the approach put…

In this article, a new model for test response times is proposed that combines latent class analysis and the proportional hazards model with random effects in a similar vein as the mixture factor model. The model assumes the existence of different latent classes. In each latent class, the response times are distributed according to a…

Since Cronbach's (1951) elaboration of a from its introduction by Guttman (1945), this coefficient has become ubiquitous in characterizing assessment instruments in education, psychology, and other social sciences. Also ubiquitous are caveats on the calculation and interpretation of this coefficient. This article summarizes a recent contribution…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential for estimating subglottal air pressure using a neck-surface accelerometer and to compare the accuracy of predicting subglottal air pressure relative to predicting acoustic sound pressure level (SPL). Method: Indirect estimates of subglottal pressure (P[subscript sg]') were obtained…

Observational studies are common in educational research, where subjects self-select or are otherwise non-randomly assigned to different interventions (e.g., educational programs, grade retention, special education). Unbiased estimation of a causal effect with observational data depends crucially on the assumption of ignorability, which specifies…

At 21st century Computational Thinking (CT) is considered a fundamental skill that anyone should possess and develop from a young age. Serious games and more specifically educational games (EGs) are a promising means of introducing algorithmic thinking and programming concepts and engaging students through the process of learning. In this article,…

Quality primary education is one of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Undoubtedly, mathematics plays a key role in overcoming future challenges, and mathematical competence and problem-solving skills could help provide appropriate solutions to current and future social, environmental and economic challenges. The following paper deals…

Teachers' negative experiences can be detrimental to how they teach math because their beliefs about mathematics affect how they see themselves, their instructional practices, and the level of appropriate mathematics activities offered in their classrooms. Research has shown that there are many classrooms where appropriate activities are happening…

Overweight and obesity prevalence in children has increased worldwide. One factor contributing to this rise is the increase in portion sizes, with individuals potentially having difficulties with portion size estimation. Portion size estimation could be improved with portion size education involving the mathematical concepts of volume and…