A method for externally constraining certain distances in multidimensional scaling configurations is introduced and illustrated. The method is described in detail and several examples are presented. (Author/JKS)

Multiple comparisons involve the examination of which group or groups are actually different from other group(s) in analysis of variance results. Such comparisons usually involve one-way analysis of variance. This monograph discusses designs more complex than one-way designs. (JKS)

Learning hierarchy research has been characterized by the use of ad hoc statistical procedures to determine the validity of postulated hierarchical connections. Various data sets are analyzed using a restricted maximum likelihood estimation procedure; results are compared with those obtained using the method suggested by Dayton and Macready.…

Statistical techniques for summarizing results from independent correlational studies are presented. The case in which only the sample correlation coefficients are available and the case in which the original paired data are available are both considered. (Author/JKS)

Valid statistical tests for one-subject experiments are necessary to justify statistical inferences and to ensure the acceptability of research reports to a wide range of journals and readers. The validity of randomization tests for one-subject experiments is examined. (See TM 505 800-801).(Author/JKS)

Two types of problems supposedly associated with the use of randomization tests for single-subject experiments have been discussed: the random introduction of treatments and the repeated alternation of treatments. Ways to reduce the adverse effects associated with these problems are presented. (See TM 505 799-800). (Author/JKS) (Author/JKS)

A computer program is described that tests for the slope, quadratic, and cubic coefficients of a growth function generated from repeated observations. (Author)

A simple example is presented that illustrates advantages of Bayesian and likelihood methods of inference relative to sampling distribution methods of inference. It is argued that Bayesian and likelihood methods of inference should be utilized more generally to analyze real data. (Author/CTM)

The multiplicative correction term for the degrees of freedom in a repeated measures analysis of variance table is given for the cases in which there is equal variability per time point, and the correlation between observations is k time units apart. This correction equals the correlation coefficient raised to the kth power. (JKS)

Methods are offered for conducting hypothesis testing associated with disattenuated validity coefficients to overcome limitations of some other suggested approaches. Through using classical test theory's notion of reliability in the form of structured path models, such hypothesis testing may be done with hierarchically related structural equation…

Observations of 17 acute care nurses were used to identify covert cognitive processes used in clinical decision making. Goal-directed processes were used to achieve specific ends. Rule-out processes involved development and elimination of hypotheses to determine what problems existed, their causes, and possible solutions. (SK)

Two multidimensional item response theory model-based methods of selecting item bundles (clusters of items chosen by some organizational principle) suspected of displaying amplification of differential item functioning (DIF) are proposed. A distinction is made between benign and adverse DIF. Three real data examples illustrate the two methods.…

The stability of dimensions extracted from a body of free response data was studied using 1,523 expressions of concern and questions raised by 271 elderly persons and analyzed by 2 groups of experimenters. The structures of resulting multidimensional configurations obtained by the 2 groups were identical. (SLD)

This study investigated the relationship of baud rate, searcher experience, performance anxiety, and search outcome in the performance of an online bibliographic search. A significant interaction of baud rate and experience was observed, as well as a relationship between anxiety and search performance. Results contain implications for training and…

A Monte Carlo simulation examined the Type I error rates and power of four tests of the null hypothesis that a correlation matrix equals the identity matrix. The procedure of C. J. Brien and others (1984) was found to be the most powerful test maintaining stable empirical alpha values. (SLD)