Analysis of questionnaires completed by parents of young children with either Prader-Willi syndrome (N=84), Down syndrome (N=56), or typically developing (N=86), found children with Prader-Willi exhibited more compulsions, skin-picking, and tantrums than did the other groups. Discriminant analysis identified two functions (developmental milestones…

Results of a study indicate that of 37 students who met the criteria for hyperactivity-impulsivity-inattention and conduct problems in third grade, 13 continued to meet the criteria in fifth grade. Students who remained stable, who improved, or who became worse differed significantly on key risk and protective variables. (Contains references.)…

A study involving 424 Cuban Americans, 1,620 Mexican Americans, and 603 Puerto Ricans found that Mexican Americans with 0-6 and 7-11 years of education had significantly lower risks of visual impairment than those with 12-17 years. Prevalence rates were lower among Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans born outside the mainland. (Contains…

Assesses child sexual abuse (CSA) and adult sexual, physical, and psychological abuse with a sample of 633 college women. Survivors of CSA experienced more instances of physical abuse and psychological maltreatment than nonvictims. They were more likely to report unwanted sexual intercourse both by acquaintances due to force, and by acquaintances…

Investigates the nature of social beliefs and commitments during the college years in relation to developmental orientations as measured by the Dakota Inventory of Student Orientations. Results support Creative-Reflective scale scores as predictive of commitment to the more humanitarian issues such as race and women's rights, whereas…

This nine-year database study examined factors related to the return rate of 316 nontraditional gifted students who participated in a summer program for academically talented youth. Grade point average, achievement test scores, final grade in the first summer of attendance, and socioeconomic status were not significant predictors of returnee…

Examines what researchers are beginning to understand about pathways from the experience of abuse in childhood to revictimization in adolescence and adulthood. Considers the issues of sexual development, sexual relationships, and risk factors associated with sexual abuse. Addresses the risk of revictimization in adulthood in terms of the…

Seeks to clarify choices of traditional and nontraditional majors by female and male college students. Regression analyses of questionnaires reveal that humanitarian concerns, femininity scores, masculinity scores, and utility values were significant predictors of college major. Education, English, and nursing majors had greater confidence,…

A study examined the extent to which different measures of speech reading performance correlated with cognitive abilities in 18 adults with hearing impairments. Younger participants were better speech readers and speech tracking correlated with written lexical decision speed. Speech reading for sentence comprehension correlated most strongly with…

Examined the relationship between five independent variables (gender, race, ACT Composite Score, high school GPA, and Pell Grant status) and one dichotomous dependent variable (baccalaureate degree completion) at public colleges/universities in Mississippi. Found that high school GPA was generally the strongest predictor of degree completion,…

Extends previous research by examining the role of communalism, family cohesion, and family support in suicide ideation and depression in African American college students. Results show that communalism, family cohesion, and family support were positively associated with each other. Higher levels of family cohesion and family support were…

Examined behavioral inhibition and psychophysiological markers of frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry for children identified at 4 months as at-risk for later inhibition. Found that 4-month temperament predicted inhibition over first 2 years and behavioral reticence at 4. Infants remaining inhibited displayed EEG asymmetry as early as 9…

Examined adolescents' peer structures and the quality of their friendships as antecedents of romantic relationships among 180 high schoolers followed from grade 9 through 11. Found that small groups of close friends predicted other-sex peer networks that, in turn, predicted the emergence of future romantic relationships. Found indirect effects for…

Simulations were used to compare the moderator variable detection capabilities of moderated multiple regression (MMR) and errors-in-variables regression (EIVR). Findings show that EIVR estimates are superior for large samples, but that MMR is better when reliabilities or sample sizes are low. (SLD)

Summarizes a study to identify preschool administrative and teacher variables predicting the frequency of parent-teacher communication. The sample consisted of 483 preschool teachers attending an early childhood institute. Results of multiple regression analyses indicated that administrative "center supports" contributed the most to…