Reviews the literature on short-term educational programs on death and dying and aging to offer practitioners some guidance for efficiently structuring programs to bring about desired changes. From 15 selected studies, the length and type of treatment and the nature of the target group involved are reviewed. (Author/JAC)

Presents a general model for burnout workshops for alcoholism counselors, designed to involve counselors in a sequence of activities for coping adaptively. Data concerning the level and symptoms of burnout among counselors are provided. Suggestions for planning and leading a workshop are discussed. (JAC)

Education for leisure and stress management, combined with carefully planned recreational experiences, are the key components for distress therapy through leisure. The ultimate goal is to design and implement leisure programs, for special populations, which alleviate distress, channel stress into positive avenues, and enhance their quality of…

To prepare the physician, psychologist or guidance counselor for the psychological aspects of pretravel preparation, discusses the characteristics of culture shock, vulnerability to culture shock, and methods of reducing psychological stress associated with leaving and returning home. (Author)

Investigated orientation while walking through an unfamiliar route within a larger familiar environment. Found instructions made no difference to accuracy but backwards counting led to larger increases in error. Concluded orientation within complex real-world environments may not be best understood by studying performance in artificial mazes.…

Defines primary prevention for mental health and explores how the therapeutic process can be patterned after the family developmental life cycle. Examines the family's role in primary prevention and describes anticipatory guidance, support provision, education, and emphasis on strengths as ways of coping. (Author/MJL)

Notes the components of occupational stress as they pertain to staff personnel involved with the direct delivery of library services to users. Solutions are discussed in terms of productive individual coping strategies, enhanced organizational design, and cohesive professional support. Seventeen references are listed. (Author/RAA)

Distinguishes between attribution of responsibility for a problem and attribution of responsibility for a solution. Derives four general models that specify what form people's behavior will take when they try either to help others or to help themselves. Also describes competing models of responsibility in education, psychotherapy, law, and…

Presents a model explaining how refugee communities help their members accept the downward occupational mobility usually associated with refugee resettlement. Describes how refugees shape an image of themselves consistent with the occupational role, while shaping an image of the role consistent with their self-image. (Author MK)

Reviews the research dealing with psychosocial aspects of death among the elderly, and discusses implications for counseling in the following areas: talking about death, fears, suicide, attitudes and bereavement. A variety of counseling methods are suggested. Grief is defined as a constructive process which results in transition. (JAC)

Examined predictions derived from self-efficacy theory in comparing the effects of exposure and cognitive interventions with simple phobics. Guided exposure (GE) was significantly superior to cognitive restructuring (CR) in enhancing approach behavior, increasing level and strength of self-efficacy, reducing subjective fear, and decreasing…

Investigated the effects of a provocation on aggression for three types of alcohol users. The results indicated that the provocation elicited significantly more feelings of hostility and verbal aggression. However, there were no significant level effects, nor a significant interaction between level of drinking and presence of a provocation.…

Used the Interpersonal Conflict Coding Scheme to examine the conflict expression episode and the conflict resolution episode and to evaluate utterances of six problem-solving groups. Developed interaction profiles of conflict expression and conflict resolution episodes and initial, middle, and final group stages. (RC)

Subject pairs (N=18) participated in an alternating question-and-answer session at one of two interactional distances utilizing questions which increased in their intimacy content. Results indicated topic intimacy, but not distance, affected the embarrassment potential of the situation. Increases in embarrassment caused changes in nonverbal and…

Assessed personality functioning in 19 fatally and chronically ill outpatient children. Found important differences in measures of distress that are thought to be roughly the same. Suggests the most common empirical methods are poorly fitted to the task of understanding the distress of fatally or chronically ill children. (Author/JAC)