Two psychological experiments--Anderson and Shanteau (1970), Berkowitz and LePage (1967)--are reanalyzed to present the problem of the relative importance of low Type 1 error probability and high power when answering a research question by testing several statistical hypotheses. (Author/PN)

Advances have been made in testing optometrists' clinical skills, particularly with the use of simulation techniques. Further research into these techniques will probably receive the most attention, although a shift in research emphasis from correlational studies of test validity and reliability to test development studies is needed. (MSE)

Fifteen female varsity softball coaches were administered the Sport Competition Anxiety Test prior to competition. Their heart rates, continuously monitored by tilemetry, did not relate significantly to the anxiety test data. The test does not appear to be a valid measure of trait anxiety for women softball coaches. (Author/PN)

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQs for matched-pair subjects were compared, evaluating performance in morning and afternoon testing. No significant differences in mean IQ as a function of time of testing were shown. Greater variability occurred for morning performance on the Verbal and Full…

The Matching Familiar Figures Test assesses the dimension of reflection-impulsivity in children. This study compares responses of a single sample to the established norms and adds intelligence quotient (IQ) for classification purposes. Analysis indicates that IQ significantly correlates with both latency and errors. (Author/CM)

Reviews the utility of the "bogus pipeline" attitude measurement technique. The present conceptual replication failed entirely to produce the Cherry (1976) finding, showing a tendency for responsiveness to demand characteristics only among subjects responding via "paper and pencil." This finding is consistent with the…

A school district made identification decisions for 51 students referred because of academic difficulties; 24 students were learning disabled. The school identification decisions, based on application of a severe discrepancy on the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery, did not correlate with decisions based on the federal definition of…

Two experiments investigated psychological factors determining preschoolers' success or failure on a sequence-completion task involving temporal and causal ordering of events. Overall findings demonstrate that while preschoolers do understand temporal/causal relationships, their abilities are dependent on process variables demanded by the task…

Reasonable and practical solutions to two major problems confronting the developer of any test of educational achievement (what to measure and how to measure it) are proposed, defended, and defined. (Author/PN)

Reviews four studies of the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII) twin occupational scales and correlations developed showing the degree of similarity in results of those four studies. Findings indicate counselors need to know average female and male test-taker scores on other-sex occupational scales to make accurate SCII test interpretations.…

Investigated the utility of the Revised Beta as a screening device for low-functioning minority-group criminal offenders. Mean scores for this sample were correlated only mildly. This finding contradicts prior research and creates the need for caution in using the Beta as a screening device with this population. (Author)

The 10 criticisms of criterion-referenced tests addressed in this paper are: the domains tested; pedagogical influence; difficulty of items; cumbersome reports; reliability; arbitrary criteria; local objectives; labeling; predictive validity; and repeated testing. (SJL)

Discusses career counseling for visually impaired students. Counselors can help reverse damaging employment stereotypes and help students succeed in the work world by using a positive approach and focusing on abilities and factual conditions. (JAC)

Reports a study of children's responses to a passage-dependent reading comprehension test. (HTH)

Possible distortions in standardized test scores due to guessing, particularly in inner-city situations, are examined. A procedure is presented for estimating true knowledge levels from test scores. Results show scores are overstatements of subject mastery which means many programs are being planned and evaluated using inaccurate data. (Author/DWH)