Rhetoric, reasoning, and reflection are discussed as the tools which enable a reader to distend the experience of reading to its greatest limits. Rhetoric is interpreted as the facility which allows the reader to understand both the necessary "how" and "what" of an author's work. Eleven cognitive processes used in written material are defined and…

The three papers presented in this publication examine in depth the thought and practices that currently prevail in the specialized areas of reading and concept attainment. Two of the papers deal with concept learning and the transformation of this knowledge into instructional guidelines. The third paper considers the importance o f concept…

The Free University of Iran (FUI) operates by means of a multimedia teaching system, teaching students at a distance and developing a learning environment based near the place of residence or work of its students. This document reviews the development of the Foundation English Course according to the systems approach to instruction adopted by FUI.…

Reported is a test of retention related to a weight, texture, and force experiment performed by a group of 120 first grade students who had been randomly grouped into three treatment strategies. The results of the retention task, accuracy test, an analysis of the strategies used on both posttests and retention tests, and some miscellaneous post…

Results are reported of five studies of word meanings and associations of the deaf child. Subjects from two oral schools for the deaf and a group of normally hearing students were given a word association test. The generally higher same form class responses of subjects from oral school B were thought to reflect their language instruction which…

A study of the effects on responses to a word association task of varying the modality of the input of the stimulus word was used as a means of doing step-wise analysis of word association data. Subjects were 70 males and 70 females randomly selected from adult basic education classes in the Atlanta, Georgia, area and assigned to one of the…

A no-cost, easy to use technique for increasing the reading vocabulary of beginning readers is described in this report. A large number of common words can be elicited from children in a word-association game, to which children respond with words that are highly meaningful to them, and often to their culture. The children then use these words to…

This paper examines several recent lines of research concerning category clustering and describes an alternative to the standard category clustering procedure used to study recall organization in younger children. The specific issue considered is the age at which children first show evidence of spontaneous category clustering in their free-recall.…

This project was concerned with the topic of elaborative activity and learning efficiency. "Elaboration" is regarded as an hypothetical process, internal to the learner, which consists of conceiving an event that can serve as a common semantic referent for elements that are initially disparate. The objective of the project was to examine…

To determine the effect of required college level English courses on connotations as measured by the Osgood Semantic Differential and to test whether quantitative differences in semantic profiles would be greater for students in English courses than for students in non-Humanities courses, students in four classes--an upper level world literature…

The three papers presented in this publication examines in depth the thought and practices that currently prevail in the specialized areas of reading and concept attainment. Two of the papers deal with concept learning and the transformation of this knowledge into instructional guidelines. The third paper considers the importance of concept…

The lack of standardization in research involving pictorial variables has made it difficult to clarify the functions of pictorial stimuli in learning. This study sought to determine whether selected methods of rendering pictorial illustrations influenced the number and type of descriptive words evoked in a verbal association task. Normally the…

AN EXPERIMENT WAS DESIGNED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT, WITH MATERIAL OF HIGH MEANINGFULNESS, THE SEMANTIC DIMENSION OF SYNONYMITY (BATTLE-FIGHT) WILL HAVE GREATER IMPACT ON THE LEARNING PROCESS THAN THE DIMENSION OF FORMAL SIMILARITY (BATTLE-BOTTLE). THE LEARNING MATERIALS CONSISTED OF FOUR LISTS OF 12 PAIRS OF TWO-SYLLABLE WORDS. THEY WERE…

The development of the associative structure of physics concepts as a result of the content presented to the learner and the relationship between associative structure and academic achievement was investigated using a treatment and a control group. Assessment of associative structure may allow insight into a learner's progress which complements…

Based on the presumption that art teachers ought to be able to describe the value of what they do and place it within a framework for rationalizing the contributions of their work to the educational development of the students they teach, this research is an attempt to describe what children learn when they paint, draw, or make three-dimensional…