An experiment with 4-, 7-, and 18-year olds investigated classifications of multidimensional objects to test whether the valuing of identity as a classification criterion occurs early in development; the distribution of attention to multiple relations increases with development; and the role of separate, component relations in solving…

Examined rate-based intersensory matching in infants by habituating them to concordant or discordant auditory-visual stimuli. Found a preference for the visual stimulus that moved at a novel velocity, indicating that the temporal attributes of the visual component dominated responsiveness. Found only limited evidence of intersensory matching. (WP)

This study examined the effects of speechreading sentence perception across three speaker viewing angles: front view, quarter view, and side view. The performance of a female adult with postlingual hearing loss was measured at each angle. Results indicated that the side view angle was the most effective, though performance at the other angles was…

This preliminary study examined effects of word visibility and prime association factors on visual spoken word recognition in lipreading, using a related/unrelated prime-target paradigm with 20 hearing adults. In related prime-target pairings, more targets with a high than low prime association were identified. In unrelated prime-target pairings,…

Examined roles and functions of 52 school psychologists from Iowa and Tennessee. Examined time spent on prereferral, assessment, intervention, consultation, and curriculum-based assessment. Found significant differences for time spent in all areas. Findings suggest that Tennessee psychologists spend majority of time on assessment and Iowa…

In three experiments, three- and four-year olds were asked to map relative size from one array of objects to another, map relative size to relative proportion, and map relative size to a variety of perceptual dimensions. Children were able to make relational mappings based on size when spatial positions and concrete representations of size of…

Strategy use, task performance, and perceptions of difficulty were studied for 34 mildly retarded children and 34 who were not retarded. Results showed that retarded children rated tasks more difficult than nonretarded students and responded less well to brief task training. Metacognitive variables predicted recall performance independently of…

In a study of drawing development, children's and adults' drawings of cubes were classified into drawing types. Differences between children's and adults' drawings suggest that younger children use a similarity geometry with feature-based criteria, whereas older children and adults use a vantage-point geometry that includes direction-based…

College students listened to recordings of infant cries that varied in the duration of crying sounds and of pauses between crying sounds. Results indicated that the shorter the duration of the pause the more informative, arousing, and aversive was the cry in the judgment of the students. (BC)

Six experiments with 145 adult student subjects were performed to determine whether texture segregation and grouping by similarity are perceived under conditions of inattention. Results establish that neither is accomplished under conditions of inattention, indicating that there is an earlier stage of processing than that called preattentive. (SLD)

Results of 3 experiments indicated that 12 month olds, but not 8 and 10 month olds, looked longer at objects of a different shape from test objects than at the test objects. Twelve month olds recognized rectilinear, but not curvilinear, forms. They recognized differences in forms for three-dimensional, but not two-dimensional, objects. (BC)

Presented in the form of a debate and rebuttals are both sides of the issue, first stated by Lord Brougham in 1820, of a client's legal and moral rights to his counsel's total support. It is concluded that advocacy in law does not carry some special authority or excuse the lawyer from accepting moral responsibility for his professional choices.…

A cell-by-cell analysis of finger movements of 16 blind adolescent braille readers was conducted to separate, catalog, and measure the components of scanning movements across braille cells as a function of reading proficiency. Results confirmed the superiority of bimanual reading and suggested that the two hands may perform different functions.…

Used data from National Survey of Families and Households to examine stepfathers' (n=195) perceptions about stepfather role and relationship with their oldest minor stepchild living at home. Stepfathers with more fatherlike perceptions, socialization values emphasizing conformity to external authority and obedience, and wife/partner with positive…

Groups of 10 and 15 year olds were shown a capital letter visual stimulus followed by a masking grid pattern. Sensory transmission time was the same in both groups. Older children showed a greater rate of information accrual and a greater amount of information extraction than did members of the younger group. (BC)