This paper uses the Russian language to show that polysemantic words are one of the means of linguistic synonymy and can be used in synonymy and can be used in synonymous and quasisynonymous transformations of sentences. (CK)

THIS GRAMMAR IS A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF CERTAIN FUNDAMENTAL FEATURES OF THE ESTONIAN LANGUAGE BASED UPON THE SPEECH OF AN EDUCATED NATIVE INFORMANT FROM TARTU. IT CONTAINS A DETAILED STUDY OF THE PHONEMIC, MORPHOPHONEMIC, AND INFLECTIONAL SYSTEMS AS WELL AS BRIEF SKETCHES OF STEM EXPANSION AND SYNTAX. THE AUTHOR HAS EMPLOYED THE TRANSFORMATIONAL…

IN ATTEMPTING TO DEFINE "SYNTACTIC VARIABLE," THE AUTHOR BASES HIS DISCUSSION ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT SYNTACTIC FACTS ARE A COLLECTION OF TWO TYPES OF RULES--CONTEXT-FREE PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES (GENERATING UNDERLYING OR DEEP PHRASE MARKERS) AND GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS, WHICH MAP UNDERLYING PHRASE MARKERS ONTO SUPERFICIAL (OR SURFACE)…

THE PAPER QUESTIONS THE ADEQUACY OF CHOMSKY'S PROPOSALS FOR FORMALLY RECONSTRUCTING THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES AND GRAMMATICAL FUNCTIONS. THE DEEP STRUCTURE VALIDITY OF THE NOTIONS "SUBJECT" AND "OBJECT" IS ALSO QUESTIONED. THE WRITER PROPOSES TO RECOGNIZE, INSTEAD, VARIOUS INTRODUCED NOUN PHRASES SUGGESTIVE…

The author proposes an abstract form for the base categorial component of a transformational grammar--a form which represents categories and relations (functions) in a way that holds reasonable promise for resolving certain very broad problems of the interplay between linguistic form and function. The problems are so broad that almost everything…

The influence of children's levels of field-dependence-independence on their performance with the passive transformation was investigated. Eighty 6th graders, classified as field-dependent or field-independent, were presented with sentence-question combinations, each in either the active or passive voice, and numbers of correct responses were…

This book is designed to make the thought of Noam Chomsky, a scholar whose work has been influential not only in the field of linguistics but in psychology, philosophy, and political science as well, accessible to a wider public than is reached by Chomsky's highly technical writing. The author expresses the hope that this book will provide the…

This article is a discussion, within the context of transformational grammar, of the formal relationships which exist between nominal, verbal, and adjectival roots in Swahili. The presentation is made with special reference to a set of subcategorizational rules which relate the given lexical categories. (Author/AMM)

This paper uses a discussion of experiments with aphasics' use of verbally derived nouns to illustrate how one linguistic model may be superior to another in accounting for the facts of verbal behavior. The models involved are the transformational, which relates derived nominals to their source verb and lists only the verb in the lexicon, and the…

In generating sentences by means of a transformational grammar, it is necessary to analyze trees, testing for the presence or absence of various structures. This analysis occurs at two stages in the generation process--during insertion of lexical items (more precisely, in testing contextual features), and during the transformation process, when…

The author's stated purpose is to answer the questions: (1) Do auxiliary verbs exist in Spanish? If so, what are the characteristics which distinguish them as a class, and what specific verbs are included in that class? (2) Is there, in particular, a class of modal auxiliaries? If so, what are their defining characteristics, and what is the…

Chomsky has suggested that certain lexical items, which he calls "referential items," should be given integer markers (or "indices") and that the noun-phrase deletion transformation which creates reflexive pronouns should be limited to cases where the noun-phrase to be deleted is fully identical to the antecedent noun-phrase,…

A formal grammatical system is described in which the lexicon plays a central role. A distinguishing feature of this system is its departure from the priniciple of monocategorial lexical attachment, that is, it permits many-one translations by the lexical attachment component from syntactic categories to morphemes. In this system the underlying…

One hundred sixty-eight books, articles, and dissertations written between 1960 and 1973 are listed in this bibliography of linguistic studies of the Spanish language within the grammatical theory originated by Noam Chomsky in his "Syntactic Structures" (1957). The present work is divided into two general categories: (1) phonology and (2) syntax…

Generalized recognition of the kernel, passive, negative, and passive-negative transformations of a number of sentences was investigated. A significant amount of generalization was obtained within a transformationally-defined sentence family relative to the generalization obtained between sentence families when subjects were requested to register…