This article describes a group counseling model designed to help male clients explore how the male gender role is experienced. A gender-sensitive approach to group leadership allows a reconceptualization of many of the traditionally problematic behaviors in men, such as the lack of emotional expressiveness. (RJM)

This paper describes an item response theory (IRT) based method of differential item functioning (DIF) detection that involves neither separate calibration nor ability grouping. IRT is used to generate residual scores, scores free of the effects of person or group ability and item difficulty. Analysis of variance is then used to test the group…

To examine the impact of old age upon an individual's sense of self we must look at the enduring self. An understanding of selfhood or self-consciousness can only be found by reference to the social activity of the individual. The interactional part of the self involves the individual in two forms of active social behavior, subject and object. The…

People tend to have both public and private selves, creating different images in their own minds, and in the minds of others. High self-monitoring individuals (SMIs), as identified through the Self Monitoring Scale, observe their public images and adapt them to produce desired effects. They tend to see themselves as pragmatic, flexible, and…

A study was conducted to compare the social network characteristics of persisting and nonpersisting students who transferred from the Los Angeles Community College District (LACCD) to the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). In addition to determining the composition, durability, and intensity of these students' social relationships, the…

Potential helpers often fail to recognize indicators which provide clues to men who were molested as children; male sexual abuse remains underreported. Group counseling can help men overcome their resistance to disclosure and remove other impediments to healing. Discusses group goals and organization, leader characteristics and research…

Discusses clinical concerns of sex offenders such as personal losses and external pressures during treatment; ongoing interface with the mental health, legal and child protection systems; and changes in both the offender's interpersonal system and sexuality. Therapists working with this population require broad-based clinical skills. (RJM)

A recent study of salary equity at an undergraduate institution using traditional regression-based methodology is presented. In a traditional salary equity study a linear model is empirically fitted for predicting salaries (the dependent variable) from a set of independent (predictor) variables using the most up-to-date data possible for some base…

Responses to previously calibrated items administered in a computerized adaptive testing (CAT) mode may be used to recalibrate the items. This live-data simulation study investigated the possibility, and limitations, of on-line adaptive recalibration of precalibrated items. Responses to items of a Rasch-based paper-and-pencil licensure examination…

When people experience failures they search for an explanation of why the failure occurred. The process of seeking an explanatory cause is the basis of attribution theory. Causal attributions include the dimensions of locus of causality (internal or external), stability of the cause over time, and the degree of personal control over the outcome.…

Data from the Latino National Political Survey were used to examine respondents' use of primary and secondary ethnic identifications. "Hispanic" ethnicity was found to be neither simply instrumental nor cultural but rather a complex phenomenon, differing by many demographic characteristics and by use of panethnicity as a primary or…

This study surveyed ninth- and eleventh-graders' evaluations of social exclusion based on social group membership. Responses indicated that participants found exclusion less wrong than denying resources, and used fewer moral and more conventional reasons to justify judgments. Participants relied on their group knowledge or stereotypes in…

This study examined the role that historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) play in preparing or socializing African American faculty. Using data from the 1992 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty, the research sample (n=1,522) included African Americans, with faculty status and some instructional duties, who were employed full time…

A longitudinal study of four beginning teachers examined the process of socialization during the induction period and the extent to which behavioral conformity to institutional norms reflected inner value commitments and perspectives. During their student teaching experience, the subjects participated in a study which measured their perspectives…

In a study of the similarities between childrens' competitive team sports and the typical corporate or business environment, two research questions were posed: (1) Does the structural organization of childrens' soccer and ice hockey organizations resemble that of American corporations?; and (2) Are the values of childrens' competitive sports…