No significant differences in performance on a self-adapted test or anxiety were found for college students (n=218) taking a self-adapted test who selected item difficulty without any prior information, inspected an item before selecting, or answered a typical item and received performance feedback. (SLD)

Outlines a model for assessing the cultural competence of graduate students in social work. Describes objectives for cultural knowledge covering human development, life events, care giving patterns, nature, time, spirituality, and group (versus individual) focus; skill objectives related to diagnosis, interviewing techniques, psychosocial…

This article summarizes findings of studies on speech-language pathologists with varying levels of clinical experience, presents a working model of clinical expertise, offers comments concerning the development and maintenance of clinical expertise, and identifies some problems with research in this area. An appendix lists knowledge, skills,…

Responses of 26 teacher educators provided information about the current condition of multicultural education in the preparation of elementary school teachers in 7 programs in Massachusetts. The predominant approach to infuse curricula with multicultural education was to insert topics or units into existing foundations. Recommendations are made…

A study found that both paradigmatic and syntagmatic aspects of text were important for signifying meaning of text in the reading comprehension of 102 Australian students at 3 age levels (10, 12, and 14 years). Underlying comprehension problems was a lack of prior experience of text topics. Reading preparation through developing shared meanings is…

Investigated effects of wellness promotion guidance activities among fifth grade children (n=62). The results revealed enhanced self-esteem and higher knowledge of wellness information among children who participated in the wellness promotion activities, as compared to a control group of nonparticipants. (Author/NB)

This survey of 120 school psychologist trainers found that (1) there is widespread familiarity with dynamic assessment as a model of cognitive assessment; (2) few trainers are actually using the procedures; (3) most trainers do not mention it in their courses; and (4) trainers see the model's primary asset as its focus on learning processes rather…

The common core knowledge and skills essential for all beginning special education teachers, developed by the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC), are reprinted, along with the CEC Code of Ethics. The article also provides a rationale for the standards and background information on their development and adoption. (JDD)

Two experiments with approximately 377 newly enlisted Air Force personnel and 182 college students investigated the validity of a reading span test combining a knowledge verification task with a word memorization task. Results support the hypothesis that word recall reflects the amount of working memory functional in reading. (SLD)

A survey was administered assessing knowledge of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) among 34 learning-disabled and 44 nondisabled high school students. Although results found no differences in AIDS awareness between groups, learning-disabled participants reported feeling less in control of exposure to AIDS and indicated less behavioral…

A university birth control education program was created to improve student knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Students attended a birth control class before visiting the health clinic for prescriptions. Pre- and posttest questionnaires and clinician assessments indicated knowledge of birth control improved significantly, and students became…

Evaluated "Talking about Touching" program (designed to increase children's knowledge about sexual abuse, ways to resist abuse, and where to get help) in five elementary schools. Found that children made statistically significant gains in knowledge about sexual abuse, teachers felt the program was needed and had few negative side…

This study examined the constructive cognitive activity of children listening to text. Analysis of thinking-aloud protocols of 109 children in grades 1 to 6 identified 5 levels of constructive activity, with 3 subtypes at each level. Path analysis indicates that only constructive activity exerts a direct effect on learning. (SLD)

The pencil-and-paper assignment "Represent water in its three states using a model" was given to pupils (n=227) from eighth to twelfth grades. The findings show that the dominant model used was the space filling type; movement of particles was indicated by a minority of pupils; size of the model changed when drawn in different states.…

A survey instrument is an efficient means of assessing public support for local gifted education programs. A questionnaire, developed for a survey of 133 individuals at post offices in rural northwest Arkansas, revealed positive attitudes toward gifted education but lack of awareness of specialized programming. (JDD)