Investigates the short-term impact of a smoking curriculum for children. Attitudes of the experimental group tended to become less negative, and they improved more in knowledge. The absolute gains in knowledge scores were, however, relatively small, indicating the need for further modifications in the curriculum material. (Author)

A study attempted to assess the nutrition knowledge of children in kindergarten through the sixth grade. Knowledge of seven broad concepts in nutrition was tested using the Nutrition Achievement Test. Results of the study indicated a widespread ignorance of nutrition on the part of school age youth. (JN)

Tested the efficacy of several programs using feedback about carbon monoxide as strategies for deterring experimentation with cigarettes in sixth-grade children (N=405). Compared to no-treatment controls, the only program to reduce experimentation with cigarettes was the information-only program. Several programs had increases in rates of…

Twenty-seven elementary teachers participated in a National Science Foundation-sponsored energy education in-service program and 27 elementary teachers served as a control group. Results from the "Energy Inventory," developed by BSCS, indicated significant changes in knowledge possessed and opinions held about energy were achieved by…

The response-shift phenomenon is demonstrated in a typical classroom setting. Retrospective pre-ratings in self-report instruments are shown to yield more accurate estimates of pre-instruction knowledge than simple pre-ratings. (Author/CM)

Explores the relationship between education and knowledge, with emphasis on knowledge as a commodity. Raises the question of whether intellectuals are workers in the academic form of a capitalist mode of production. Comments on the role of universities in the modern world. (DB)

Methods of successive relearning and of cross-sectional adjustment were investigated. With the first method, indefinite access to acquired information remained probable if retraining intervals did not exceed access intervals. The second method was used to investigate acquisition and maintenance of complex knowledge systems under ecologically…

Ten years ago the results of the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) minitest suggested that there would be little change in total basic science examination performance between the second and fourth year of medical school. Five projects are reported that sustain these results. (Author/JMD)

Describes the development of an instrument for assessment of practical nutrition knowledge of high school senior girls. (Author/CS)

Explored the effectiveness of a curriculum in fostering children's positive attitudes toward the elderly and their own aging. Children (N=108) received the curriculum and were given the Children's Attitudes Toward the Elderly test. Results indicated the curriculum was effective in fostering positive attitudes and in changing stereotyped thinking.…

Examined the attitudes and knowledge of 283 dental and medical students at different stages in their professional education. No significant deterioration or improvement in attitudes toward the aged was found in the course of medical and dental education. Correlational analysis revealed a complex relationship between knowledge and attitude scores.…

Forty-eight quantifiable and two qualitative dependent measures were used to measure participants' perceptions of a mental health care course, specifically: knowledge, attitudes, and clinical behavior as reflected in work environment, ward atmosphere, and ward status. The course positively influenced only nine variables. (Author/CP)

Ambulatory day patients at the Psoriasis Education and Research Center developed self-care and coping skill and learned more about their skin disease than a control group of hospitalized patients. Comparisons were obtained by medical case history and skin photography. (CP)

Results revealed significant differences among elementary school teachers grouped by teaching experience, degree level, number of reading courses, and grade level taught. All differences supported the construct validity of the Inventory of Teacher Knowledge of Reading. Internal consistency reliability was estimated at .91. (Author)

Undergraduates were grouped into various study and review conditions to determine the effect of using a preferred or nonpreferred study technique and of being familiar or unfamiliar with an assigned reading topic. Students who preferred reading and were familiar with the topic achieved the best performance after reading. (Author/GDC)