Two important aspects of transfer in mathematics learning are the application of mathematical knowledge (MK) to problem solving and the acquisition of more advanced concepts. General assumptions and themes of current cognitive research on mathematics learning in schoolchildren are discussed, focusing on issues facilitating the transfer of MK. (TJH)

A review of theoretical and experimental literature on school health education indicates that most programs have focused on health knowledge despite conflicting information on the impact of knowledge based programs on health behaviors. Needed are interventions that include environmental engineering to support health behaviors and use of…

Examined relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward alcohol among resident assistants and residence hall students at midwestern university. Found no statistically significant difference between assistants and students. Data revealed statistically significant relationship between students' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior…

Offers perspectives and ideas on a range of issues related to policy-relevant research in science studies. Identifies and discusses major challenges and problems involved in science policy studies. Presents an overview of articles that address the theme of funding and knowledge growth. (ML)

Effects of various student, teacher, and school system characteristics on levels of student economic understanding and learning in grades five-12 were studied. Particular attention was paid to which schools were participating in the Developmental Economic Education Program (DEEP). (Author/RM)

This study showed that Oksapmin children not only spontaneously use the indigenous numerical system of their nontechnical culture but also have created new forms of numerical symbolization and calculation to deal with schooling arithmetic problems. Novel conceptual developments, factors mediating the schools effect, and the influence of prior…

Examines the effect of prior knowledge activation on sixth-grade readers' comprehension of compatible and incompatible text. Results support the notion that prior knowledge may intefer with, rather than facilitate, reading comprehension under certain conditions. (HOD)

Reports on a study that examined the effects of prior knowledge and topic interest on the reading comprehension of seventh- and eighth-grade students. The results suggested that both prior knowledge and topic interest were autonomous factors in reading comprehension. (HOD)

The Chicago Heart Health Curriculum Program (CHHCP) is a cardiovascular disease risk reduction program designed for students and families. Results of a study of CHHCP suggest that future programs conveying heart health knowledge should consider student learning in the context of self-esteem, independence of peers, and teacher humanism. (Author/MT)

Develops an understanding of the interactive nature of the reading process with a focus on vocabulary learning and formulates criteria, based on this understanding, to evaluate approaches to vocabulary development. (HOD)

The school inservice coordinator for mainstreaming (SICM) is responsible for training regular class teachers and administrators to deal with handicapped students. SICMs are trained via workshop, courses, group meetings, and practica. Pre and post data for SICMs in two Maryland counties show growth in content knowledge and understanding. (CL)

The cognitive knowledge, performance, and patient care of 23 pediatricians who participated in continuing medical education sessions were measured by pre-, post-, and six- to nine-month follow-up tests. In general, the knowledge and performance factors and patient behavior were better for those attending case presentations as opposed to…

Finds a significant positive relationship between fourth-grade students' reading ability and their ability to make appropriate decisions about English spelling. Suggests how classroom practice might be modified to facilitate children's understanding of orthographic structure. (FL)

Investigated sex-related differences in science achievement from a science assessment project in British Columbia. Findings (obtained from students in grades 4, 8, and 12) confirm earlier findings that boys outscore girls on items testing understanding and application of scientific knowledge. No sex-related differences on process skills were…

Investigates the hypothesis that, in the case of individual similes, bits of lexical information, or word knowledge, are predictably and absolutely essential to the resolution of similes. (HOD)