Those responsible for the care of another human being, such as a child, an elderly parent, or an ailing spouse, often need help and support. Carepooling is the act of caregivers exchanging day-to-day help and support. This book offers simple, effective, practical ways to exchange help and share support with friends, neighbors, and co-workers.…

This study investigated whether kindergartners would advocate sharing toys equally across situations or on the basis of recipients' characteristics, and whether each group member would be counted as one unit for allocation across situations. Findings indicated that kindergartners tended to allocate more blocks to a younger child than to a same-age…

Girls expected and received more kindness, loyalty, and empathy from friendships than did boys. Seventh graders expected and received more empathy than did third graders. The relationship between expectations for and evaluations of friendship was greater for third and fifth grade girls and seventh grade boys than for other children. (BC)

Six-year-old children were paired according to sociometric status and observed in limited-resource play situations. Their responses were coded in terms of focus on their own concerns or those of the other child. Low status dyads adopted a competitive stance more than high status dyads, who focused more on mutual benefit. (BC)

Notes that because of the strong connection between food and feelings of safety, love, and well-being caregivers should carefully look at eating activities. Suggests the following procedures: choose small- or whole-group snack routine, organize snack trays, plan transition ritual before snack, define students' personal space, sit at eye level with…

Three studies investigated 5- to 8-year-olds' ability to solve partitive division problems when presented with a concrete model of a problem. Children found it easier to solve problems in Grouping-by-Divisor condition than in Grouping-by-Quotient condition, although there was evidence of developmental improvement in tasks. Findings suggest that…

A study examined the ability of 56 children with learning problems and 56 typical children to resolve the social problems of whether to share limited resources with a peer. Only 15% of the dyads of children with learning problems shared, compared to 58% of typical children. (CR)

Cohabiting couples and couples who cohabit prior to marriage have less stable relationships than married couples who did not cohabit, and these differences in stability may be linked to different processes within the relationships. This research examines the similarity of partners' beliefs about the division of household labor using the National…

The goal of this research is to understand how generalized exchange systems emerge when information, as the object of exchange, produces a collective good. When individuals contribute information for a collective benefit, it can create a group-generalized exchange system that involves a social dilemma. I argue that two properties of information,…

The purpose of this action research project was to improve the social skills of eight preschool students and four first grade and second grade students through the use of Social Stories and visual supports to create a more positive learning environment. The teacher researchers wanted to increase the social skills of students who had been diagnosed…

Knowledge sharing has been identified as critical to the management of knowledge in organizations. However, in practice, problems with knowledge sharing have proved to be a major barrier to the effective management of knowledge. This paper reports on research that identified four motivators and five inhibitors of knowledge sharing within one…

This report describes an investigation of how young children respond to two types of tasks: (1) finding one-half of a continuous and a discrete material; and (2) attempting to share continuous and discrete material equally between two dolls. Continuous material, such as string, paper, or liquid, is quantified by adults using measurement units. A…

Examined the effect of resource availability on dyadic interaction of African American three- to five-year olds in a painting activity conducted under two resource conditions. Limited resources promoted more resource and task conflict, while plentiful resources promoted more nonconflictive social and task interactions. Results underscored the role…

Describes the use of simulation games in cross-cultural training, noting that participants in these programs are usually adults. Highlights include a history of cross-cultural training; diversity training; learning processes; motivation; practice; shared experience; examples of simulation games used for cross-cultural training; and trainers who…

In one experiment, kindergartners and second and fourth graders made quantitative predictions about how many items children would share based on information about the children's previous behavior. In a second experiment, kindergartners' quantitative predictions were more consistent with the behavioral information than were their dichotomous…