This ideabook is one of three products that make up a complete mentorship program. The purpose of the program is to increase the motivation of minority young women to pursue occupations and careers that will be in demand in the future. This book is intended for use by the mentors during their 2-hour training session. It is the basis for the…

Many more people are in need of rehabilitation, social services, and education than there are professionals available to provide help. This gap in service has led to the exploration and utilization of nonprofessionals to fill these roles. Many of these nonprofessionals are peers of the needy people. This adds the advantage of "peer relationships"…

The similarity between supervisors and subordinates has been shown to influence the attitudes and behavior of both. This study examines three perspectives of similarity: (1) accuracy of perceived instrumentalities; (2) actual and perceived personal similarity of background perspective; and (3) person-environment fit. These perspectives were…

This investigation focused on the question of the sex of the teacher and perceptions of primary school students toward school, their teachers, and programs. A review is presented of recent studies on the need and availability of male sex role symbols for boys, the effect of teachers (male or female) on students of both sexes, and the effect of…

Recent data indicate that women are underutilized and underrepresented in leadership roles in physical education at the higher education level, that the degree of underutilization and underrepresentation increases with the degree of power associated with the role in question, and that this situation is typical also of higher education in general…

The 3 studies described in this paper focused on the image of the child in television advertising directed toward children between the ages of 2 and 11. Using an analysis code containing 16 operationally-defined categories, the first study analyzed the behaviors of children depicted in 37 commercials for toys, food, and clothing from Saturday…

Since the vicarious participation analogue is frequently used to provide modeling of appropriate counselor skills to beginning counselor trainees, this model and its various forms are of particular relevance to counselor training. An investigation was designed to examine the effects of the level of the simulation of a counseling session upon…

Children in three film treatment groups emitted more delay choices on a posttest than did control group children. Although, after four weeks, treatment effects were still in evidence for two groups, the greatest magnitude of change occurred in subjects who viewed films showing modeling and persuasive (verbal) cues in combination. (Author/SDH)

A description of the types and occupational status of the role models selected by black and white rural Texas youth as high school sophmores and again 2 years later. Racial and sex differences are reported and implications for future research discussed. (EH)

This study investigates the question of whether or not exposure to televised professional sports affects the social behavior of young people who themselves actively engage in those sports. Lacrosse, hockey, baseball were monitored on television, with students questioned about the impact the behavior of the players (pro-social and anti-social) has…

This study examined the influence of male and female models on the expectancies, achievement, and attributions of college students. A factorial design varied sex of subjects (male, female), sex of models (male, female), and causal attribution offered by models for completion of a novel task (effort, luck, ability, task difficulty). Females'…

Peer modeling as a non-punitive disciplinary technique was examined in two studies assessing its effectiveness in increasing self-control of young children in the absence of an authority figure. The first study investigated the effect of observing the rule-following behavior of a peer model on the observing child's subsequent self-control.…

Thirty mothers of Title 1 children (5-11) were matched for marital status, sex of children, ethnic background, age, and level of formal education. They were randomly assigned to a waiting-list control group, a parent treatment group, and a parent-and-significant-others treatment group. The dependent measures were the following: (a) "the way I feel…

Describes the use of high school seniors to work individually with elementary children in order to improve the children's social behavior. Explains the steps of the program in detail. (Author)

Rural social workers occupy a number of statuses, such as professional social worker, organizational employee, rural community denizen, and private citizen/family member. Different groups may assign different priorities to the tasks that workers perform. Different audiences or groups may be at odds about definitions that are used in everyday life.…