Maintains there are many ways to help children develop their language abilities as they learn and that teachers can involve children in activities that bring the children's own knowledge into the curriculum. Illustrated with samples from the science activities of first through third graders. (BB)

This article reports the results of a two-week minicourse designed to teach seventh graders about exceptionalities. Concludes that the unit provided an encouraging demonstration of the receptivity of students at this age to a program designed to teach about differences. (JDH)

Reviews research studies examining relationship between play behaviors and cognitive styles in young children, particularly emphasizing field dependence and field independence, social behavior, and educational and research implications are also presented. (DST)

Analysis of spontaneous storytelling samples of deaf 5- to 7-year-olds (N=15), all exposed to manually coded English for some time, differentially showed characteristics more consistent with either English or Sign Language in the language areas of explicit relations, mimed relations, incorporated relations, and English Functors. (CB)

Describes the salient attributes of adult cognitive functioning and supervisory styles and integrates them within the systems of developmental and clinical supervision to create an individualized professional development plan. (FL)

Discusses changes in conceptions underlying research on individual differences since the 1940s, trends such as the cognitive revolution in psychology and education, and the increase of societal egalitarianism. Argues that current emphasis on the malleability of individual differences demonstrates a need for individualized instruction that…

Assessed several behavioral and personality characteristics that have been implicated in studying the onset of bulimia in female college students (N=80) classified into bulimia, binge eating, and control groups. Results indicated that bulimics and binge eaters differed significantly on all but a few variables. (LLL)

Investigated the differential effect of two kinds of behavior simulation (role-playing) interventions: spontaneous and mimetic-pretend, on the readiness and the responsibility attributions associated with delivering electric shocks to others (N=25). Results showed that the spontaneous subjects were more ego-oriented and inhibited in administering…

Strategic differences in spatial tasks are explained in terms of different cognitive coordinate systems that subjects adopt such as standard versus arbitrary, task-defined axes. A theoretical account of mental rotation of individuals of low and high spatial ability solving problems from psychometric tests is instantiated as computer simulation…

Demonstrating good reliability for the difference score in measurement, the results of this study indicate that the difference score is often highly reliable when the correlation between true change and true initial status is nonnegative. In general, when individual differences in true change are appreciable, the difference score shows strong…

Inhibitory self-control is proposed as a temperamental dimension. Soviet Theory suggests that internal inhibition provides the basis for verbally regulated inhibition and is determined by temperament. Investigators of this relationship found a significant correlation between performance on a measure of internal inhibition and the measures of…

Investigated concerns, needs, and other characteristics of interpersonal relationships of adolescents (N=655) as reflected by stories written in response to pictures of people. Subjects were high school students and reformatory residents. Analysis indicated predominant themes were affiliation, aggression, achievement (sports), and drugs. Personal…

Cooperation and competition are often seen as polar opposites; yet they are not necessarily in opposition. Similarly, quality and elitism are not opposed if the goal of equality is seen as equality of opportunity rather than equality of outcome and the elite are the product of fair competition. (IS)

Two studies investigated whether instructing students to organize recall would differentially facilitate performance of "fast" and "slow" learners (defined from pretest recall performance). Instructions to employ alphabetic organization facilated performance of both groups to the same extent, whereas categorical organization facilitated slow…

Compared 70 stepchildren's perceptions of their stepfathers and natural fathers with perceptions of 70 children from intact families. Results showed children from stepfamilies tended to perceive both their natural fathers and their stepfathers more negatively that did the children from intact families, suggesting implications for family therapy.…