Elementary students were asked to find 12 colors and 5 sounds in their immediate natural environment and to describe in writing where they saw each color in relationship to themselves. The writings formed a type of poetry which expressed involvement with and observation of the environment. (CM)

Obtained objective measures of activity, fidgeting, vigilance, selective attention, and aggression for a sample of 87 twin pairs in late childhood. Little evidence for genetic influence on behavior was found. Between-family environmental sources of variance were far more important than within-family factors. (Author/RH)

Results indicated that a classroom with a low teacher/child ratio and partitioned special play areas facilitates peer interactions and fantasy play among middle-class, preschool children. (Author/DB)

Peer clinical supervision can dissipate negative attitudes toward observation by creating a supportive environment where those supervised take control of their own supervision and are observed by professional peers. (JMF)

As an example of the insights into creativity and cultural influences which may be gained by analyzing children's spontaneous play, the authors present a case study from Jamaica, where they observed young boys making their own toy trucks. (SJL)

Contains ten basic teaching principles formulated from the author's past experiences. Each of the principles is illustrated by relevant observations in order to increase understanding and aid application. The author states that use of these principles will increase teaching success. (SMB)

Results indicated that both objective evidence and nonverbal behaviors significantly affected perceived expertness. There was no difference in the credibility ratings of the counselor between male and female subjects. Objective evidence and sex interacted significantly, as did objective evidence and nonverbal behavior. (Author)

Eisner's educational criticism model produces a richer description of an English classroom than does Flanders' interaction analysis. (Author)

A checklist for assessing young children's individual needs by observing them at play. (CM)

This review covers the past 25 years of research literature on training observers of behavior, specifically in the areas of interviewing, reducing rater bias, interpersonal perception and observation as a research tool. The focus is on determining the most successful training methods and their theoretical bases. (Author/SJL)

This study investigates the leadership-followership behaviors of 48 kindergarten children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. (CM)

An observational field study documents the early appearances of group behaviors in different age groups of preschool children in communal settings in Israel. (CM)

This paper outlines some of the interview approaches and observational techniques that social scientists use in field study. Discussed are scheduled interviews, open-ended interviews, the delphi technique, participant observation, process observation, and lurking. (Author/AV)

How a teacher achieves a balance between structure and freedom in his art lessons requires a critical awareness of the methods he chooses. Discusses the problems in teaching art lessons, the basic characteristics of creative art lessons, and provides a checklist for analyzing the effectiveness of an art lesson. (Author/RK)