Characterizations, given in the form of descriptive adjectives, of second- through fifth-grade elementary school children by their classroom teachers and by classroom observers were analyzed in this report and compared with each other. Females consistently received more favorable characterizations than males, especially as reflected in teacher…

An experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that a program of prompting, practice, and feedback would improve the beginning teacher's ability to observe pupil performance in the classroom. Eighty-four teacher education students were randomly assigned to four 35-minute treatments: (I) viewing an instructional video tape of 21 brief…

It has been demonstrated that interaction analysis is a useful tool for helping teachers not only to hold illustrations of their teaching for future analysis but also to focus on and analyze specific aspects of their verbal instructional behavior. Apparently, four conditions are necessary to enable teachers to analyze and evaluate their…

Although educational television is associated with the classroom, data comparing the production techniques of ETV to those employed in commercial television does not support the stereotyped image of ETV as a televised lecture. Late in 1961, five students knowledgeable in television production and specially trained as observers for this study…

Changes in manipulative play with objects were examined in a longitudinal sample of 10 boys and 9 girls tested at ages 9, 13, and 18 months. Stability of individual differences in play was also examined. Each child was observed individually for 7 minutes in a room in which a tea set was the only toy present. Seven types of play behavior were…

This study focused on a program which was designed and implemented to incorporate paraprofessional "dorm counselors," who provided direct supervision of the adolescents in the residential center, into the diagnostic process. A Behavioral Assessment Training Program was designed to focus on three specific components of behavioral…

In this study of 40 primaparous mothers (15 to 36 years of age) and their newborns the significance of predictors of maternal responsiveness was assessed immediately following birth in the delivery room and at feedings 2-3 days and 4 weeks following delivery. The variables used as predictors included the mothers' age and background, prenatal…

This book describes the Skylab 4 Earth Explorations Project. Photographs of the earth taken by the Skylab astronauts are reproduced here and accompanied by an analytical and explanatory text. Some of the geological and geographical topics covered are: (1) global tectonics - some geological analyses of observations and photographs from Skylab; (2)…

This paper discusses evaluating and observing teacher performance. It consists of three sections. The first section is an introduction, in which it is stated that most observations are used for the following two purposes: (1) the improvement of instruction, and (2) the provision of information to those who make personnel decisions in a school…

The purpose of this research report was to improve the utilization of classroom observation systems in instruction and research by identifying (a) new and unique dimensions of teaching, and (b) the commonalities of several existing observation systems. The design of this study called for the coding of classroom behaviors by individuals highly…

A measure of role-taking skill was administered individually to 12 male and 8 female preschoolers. In addition the children were observed during free play on 30 consecutive school days, and their behaviors were coded according to Parten's social participation categories. Significant negative relationships were found to exist between the…

This paper is a review of the methodological problems recently uncovered in studying the nature of teacher effectiveness and evaluating the performance of individual teachers. Four problems encountered in the literature are range of measurements, inconsistent instrumentation across similar studies, lack of a generic framework from which to select…

This training guide has been developed for use by staff members of the U.S. Marine Corps, Office of Manpower Utilization in their preparation for Task Analysis projects, the first step in a research program aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the Marine Corps' manpower management program. The guide is designed to provide basic orientation to…

This report summarizes three recent studies conducted by the Bureau of School Programs Evaluation of the New York State Education Department that sought to identify relationships between various school factors and student performance in reading and mathematics. The studies utilized three different research strategies. The Regression Study…

This evaluation report is one of 17 planned for the longitudinal pilot study of the implementation in kindergarten and grade 1 of the Comprehensive School Mathematics Program (CSMP). In this report, the purpose and design of the classroom observation phase of evaluation are described; schedules of observation and a sample observation form are…