Results of two experiments suggested (1) that spatial cues serve as functional stimuli in the standard probe-type task, and (2) that the contextual uniqueness of the first item is probably responsible for the occurrence of primacy in young children. (Author/JMB)

Reports a series of experiments that give evidence for retention of information about color in very short-term visual memory, commonly termed "iconic memory". (Author)

Investigates the effect of specificity on retention following nonsemantic processing. Five experiments are reported in which structural specificity was manipulated along with either phonemic or orthographic dimensions, and process specificity was manipulated by variations in the nonsemantic orienting tasks. Data are interpreted in terms of a…

Extends the examination of Green and Purohit (1976) who used matrices of 0s and 1s as stimuli in exploring recognition memory. It was found that with greater density (distance between elements) and lesser complexity (number of elements in the matrix), recognition performance improved. Results contradict an earlier finding of Green and Purohit, who…

Relation of male adult age and performance on memory for designs was determined by analyzing three cross-sectional samples, two longitudinal samples, and within-cohort comparisons of men born in same period, tested at different times. Results indicate age declines in memory-for-designs performance but only small vocabulary change. (Author)

Examines fourth grade children's memory for information contained in target sentences presented 24 hours earlier. Examines the occurrence of interference by presenting multiple choice response options consisting of a correct word, a new word, and a word which occurred in a previous sentence. Attempts to extend the principles of frequency theory.…

Hugo Munsterberg's "The Film: A Psychological Study" is one of the earliest essays in the area of film theory. Unfortunately, it has remained relatively unknown since its publication in 1916. The author discusses two concepts raised by Munsterberg: the contrast between films in the theatrical mode and films in the cinematic mode.…

These comments take up the major issues raised in Eyseck's (1978) critique (AA 528 584) of Craik & Lockhart (1972): the problem of circularity in the definition of "depth", the distinction between qualitative and quantitative differences in encoding, and the relationships between the concepts of depth, strength and elaboration. (Editor/RK)

Examined young children's interpretations of the meanings of indirect speech acts (e.g. it's 10 o'clock) in paragraphs of a contextual type biasing a literal interpretation (time of day) or an extraliteral interpretation (time to prepare for bed). Memory for these meanings was also assessed. (Author/JMB)

The role of contexts in the imaging process was investigated in a cued-recall study. Results indicated that the capacity of the cue word to elicit the context was the most important factor determining recall. Uses the contextualist approach to memory and the encoding specificity principle in discussing results. (Editor/RK)

This research examines different types of encoding strategies, in addition to semantic and organizational encodings, and their effects on schizophrenics' remembering. Based on Craik and Lockhart (1972), i.e., memory performance is a function of depth of encoding processing, this analysis compares schizophrenics' encoding processing with that of…

Cognitive psychology lacks explicit theories that encompass more than a single experimental paradigm. This research presents a theory of memory retrieval that not only applies over a range of paradigms but also deals with experimental data in greater depth and more detail than competing models. The theory provides a rationale for relating…

Results of a number of experiments conforming to a particular paradigm have yielded a highly systematic relation between the probability that recallable words are not recognized and the probability of recognition of all words. This recognition failure is largely constant with many conditions that greatly affect both recognition and (cued) recall.…

While there has been considerable success in isolating the dimensions of acoustic information that are important in perceiving and identifying speech sounds, very little is known about how the information from the various acoustic dimensions is put together in order to actually accomplish identification. Proposes and tests a model of these…

Compares the rates of forgetting of five-item sequences of acoustically similar and dissimilar consonants and words in the absence of proactive and retroactive interference in order to test whether within sequence similarity rather than stimulus length would have a greater influence on retention. (Author/RK)