Undergraduates (n=99) differing in spatial ability were tested on problems involving the mental rotation of familiar alphanumeric stimuli and unfamiliar stimuli drawn from the Primary Mental Abilities Space Test. Individual differences in spatial ability were associated with speed rather than accuracy of mental rotation processes. Ability…

This research addresses the actual goals and intentions from which students plan and organize their work in a course of study. Representations can either facilitate or hinder learning and problem solutions. Several salient aspects of adult students' representational systems and how they influenced university study were examined in two studies. The…

Two studies were conducted to clarify some problems in aptitude treatment interaction research, by concentrating on the macroprocesses in reading required by different instructional methods and the macroprocesses available to students. In the first experiment, three reading groups were used, the first receiving adjunct questions, the second also…

Presents some practical suggestions on how teachers, students, and child-care workers can help infants cope with changes that may occur with adoption and foster care at various early ages. (Author/CS)

A theoretical proposal is offered concerning individual differences in cognitive processes. The focus is on mental retardation and the comparative problem-solving performance of 'normal' and 'retarded' children. (Author/CS)

Two variables involved in attitude change provided the basis for this study, the cognitive complexity of the subject and the dimensions of stimulus materials. After a pretest, 165 interpersonal communication students were divided into two groups according to their cognitive complexity levels. The dimensions of the stimulus were presented on two…

This document reviews research findings on criteria used to determine age of entry into first grade. Criteria discussed include chronological age, mental age, I.Q., sex, and physical development (teething, visual development, etc.). In general, the research reviewed supports later entry, especially for children with below average intelligence. For…

In this presentation on exercise and aging, the following explanations are made: the nature of physical fitness, physical fitness values, the importance of recognizing individual differences, physiological changes occurring with age through the adult years, physical fitness studies pertaining to middle-aged persons, the trainability of older…

This paper presents the view that both individual differences-oriented personnel selection researchers and situationally-oriented organizational behaviorists can profit from an examination of each other's theories and findings. Specifically, it is argued that (1) personnel selection researchers will achieve increased levels of predictive validity…

Fourth through sixth grade children were given two types of creativity measures--divergent measures, naming all the ideas he could meeting a simple requirement, and convergent measures, adaptation of Mednick's Remote Associates Test, finding one word associatively related to each of three others. The measures shared little variance. (Author/RC)

The nature and development of interpersonal perceptions in a T group were studied. Results indicate that group members' perceptions are relatively complex and change markedly over sessions in ways consistent with current theories of group development. The analysis permits a first look at a T group free from biases. (Author)

The author expands on the false assumptions implied in the title and shows how they are in error. (AG)

Research supported by OEC-5-10-297 and by National Science Foundation Grant No. GP-5114.