Uses three strategies (dividing cultivation into component subprocesses, testing for an intervening variable, and contingent relationships) for elaborating the cultivation hypothesis. Finds evidence that cultivation effects do exist but that dividing the socialization process does not increase the predictive power of the cultivation hypothesis.…

Analyzes the relationship between literacy and cultural identity in a multicultural society and argues that cultures differ in what they view as literate behavior, influencing how individuals acquire and engage in literacy. Asserts that the type and content of literacy education received influences cultural identity. (Author/SK)

This article examines the theoretical assumptions of one type of behaviorism, currently known as social-learning theory, developed by the Sophist Protagoras. Also included is a brief investigation of Socrates' criticism of this view of psychology and his argument that it is an unsatisfactory basis for moral and citizenship education. (IAH)

Examines the role of the occupational socialization process of adults, beginning with the start of the individual's working life and ending with development and advancement of the individual's career. Conflicting views of management and labor concerning employee development are considered and the need for cooperation is stated. (CH)

The structural approach to cooperative learning is based on the creation, analysis, and systematic application of content-free ways to organize classroom interactions. Structures (outlined in a table) have differing uses in the academic, cognitive, and social domains, such as team building, communication building, mastery, and concept development.…

Argues that two types of knowledge are presented during biology lessons: disciplinary subject matter and the personal practical knowledge of the teaching process. Describes how a teacher's philosophical orientation/world view may direct students to conceptualize knowledge in a technical way, resulting in estrangement from practical understanding…

General Social Survey data from 1973-90 were analyzed to identify the work value preferences of 7,436 full-time workers (income, security, working hours, advancement opportunities, accomplishment). No support was found for differences between men's and women's work values. Preferences depended more on age, education, and occupational prestige. (SK)

Conversational style often overrides what is said, affecting who gets heard and what gets done. Women's linguistic styles often make them seem less competent and self-assured than they are. Better understanding of speech styles will make managers better listeners and communicators. (SK)

Examines dynamic relationship between gender and ethnicity. Considers socialization effects of ethnic culture in conjunction with "self-in-relation" theory of gender development and implications of status to gender. Gives specific focus to influence of these three factors on Mexican-American and African-American women and men. (Author/NB)

Argues that the process of education, including adult education, involves the adoption and possibly the transmission of values. Applies concepts of socialization theory and curriculum theory to adult education, focusing on the work of Brim, Berger and Luckmann, and Bourdieu. Discusses the relationship between adult education and social change.…

During the 1990 fall semester, Department of Educational Administration and Secondary Education at Arkansas State University initiated a project to identify and address needs of the region's beginning school administrators. Needs were identified in school finance, school law, staff relations, student discipline and motivational techniques,…

This model proposes that individuals' subjective structure and the objective structure of the environment are influenced by a lifelong process of socialization and development and a process of cultural and social change. Three types of career counseling are suggested: technical, practical, and conceptual. (SK)

Focuses on communication and organizational socialization, first briefly describing common assumptions. Discusses several assumptions that undergird extant socialization models, taking an ambivalent stance toward their value for future research. (RS)

Based on studies of girls' loss of voice and self-confidence in early adolescence, the author introduces a poetics of research grounded in feminist epistemology to explore why this happens and how women can recover their "courage"--to speak one's mind by telling all one's heart. (SK)

Examined college students' (n=254) attitudes after they were presented with either a disease or social learning view of alcoholism. Presentation of a disease view strengthened endorsement of that model, but attitudes toward alcoholics, treatment effectiveness, problem recognition, and help-seeking were not significantly different between the…