Investigated whether second grade children were aware that dealing without counting was sufficient to ensure equality of shares in a discrete sharing situation. Seventeen children were interviewed after watching a videotape of preschooler's actions on sharing activities. (YP)

Discusses the implementation of teaching estimation as portrayed in the NCTM Standards. Presents two instructional examples. (YP)

Presents four activities for the exploration of a balance, mass, the length of the balance arm, and the position of the fulcrum. Provides objectives, directions, extensions, answers, and worksheets for each activity. (YP)

Discusses how to express an n factorial as a product of powers of primes. Provides two examples and answers. Presents four related suggestions. (YP)

Measurement experiences can promote and illustrate number work in an intuitively satisfying way. Some current practices that are counterproductive for developing number sense and some alternative strategies that are more constructive are included in discussions of the approximate nature of measurement, realistic measurement, and work with rational…

Discusses a counting system and number operations. Suggests six distinct areas in a "number" subject: one-to-one correspondences; simple counting process; complicated counting process; addition and multiplication; algorithms for the operations; and the decimal system. (YP)

Discussed is the important role that counting skills play as prerequisites to other mathematics skills. Suggests ways in which counting skills can be taught to young children experiencing learning difficulties. The skills are classified as rote counting, point counting, rational counting, counting on, and skip counting. (YP)

Some research focuses on how children develop the ability to estimate computations. The theory and a research study are briefly described, followed by discussion of the study's implications and extensions into the classroom. (MNS)

Explains the significance of the mole as a unit of measure by showing the relationship between physical quantities and their mathematical representations. Offers a summary of the principles of metrology that make creation of physical quantities and units seem reasonable. A table of base physical quantities and units is included. (RT)

The grade placement of topics in addition and subtraction was compared across the five countries through analysis of textbooks. "Remarkable" uniformity in grade placement was noted for Japan, China, the Soviet Union, and Taiwan, but the United States differed substantially. (MNS)

Fourth-grade students (n=45) either with or without learning disabilities and achieving or not achieving at grade level in math were asked to explain strategies used to solve computational problems. Strategies were classified as reproductive or reconstructive (which varied in applicability and efficiency). Significant group differences were found.…

Tests of (n=107) third through sixth graders' basic addition facts found that 34% of errors involved the addition of zero and 83% of the remaining errors involved at least one of the digits 7, 8, or 9 when the other addend was 4 or more. (20 references) (MKR)

The Latent Semantic Indexing and MatchPlus systems examine similar contexts in which words appear and create representational models that capture the similarity of meaning of terms and then use the representation for retrieval. Text Retrieval Conference experiments using these systems demonstrate the computational feasibility of using…

Discusses weak links in children's developing power in counting. Presents assessment information for mathematics curriculum planning and activities embedding the subskills of counting into daily routines. (MKR)

Discusses mathematics education research on multiplication and division which implies that instruction should emphasize development of a sound conceptual basis for multiplication and division rather than memorization of tables and rules. Presents action research ideas. (10 references) (MKR)