Explores whether sampling is better than head count for census taking and if there is a genuine undercount distinct from "floating" populations. Discusses whether the census should accommodate the various interests who have addressed the question of the quality of enumeration, as well as the larger responsibilities of demographers for…

Considers state population counts, congressional apportionment, and how much deviation from "one man, one vote" can be tolerated in census counting. Also presents and discusses the results of an exercise using the methods of Equal Proportions and Major Fractions as applied to apportionment population data for the U.S. states for 1990 and…

Discusses the pros and cons of sampling to improve the census versus the traditional methods of census taking, and the problems that changes in procedure can create. Also discusses chronic problems in census taking, regardless of procedural methods used, and observations on how to lessen their impact. (GR)

Describes the construction and use of the "fraction computer," a simple manipulative that helps pupils understand how to add and subtract unlike, unrelated fractions. (YDS)

Discusses the relationship between computational fluency and number sense in early childhood mathematical development. (Author/NB)

Suggests that algorithms, both traditional and student-invented, are proper objects of study not only as tools for computation, but also for understanding the nature of the operations of arithmetic. (Author/NB)

Describes the work that students and teachers do to develop computational fluency for subtraction. Examines the orchestration of whole-class discourse and presents a collection of common strategies. (Author/NB)

Suggests ways to increase students' computational fluency using concrete materials, engaging tasks, and reflection time to increase number automaticity, flexibility in thinking about numbers, and use of efficient problem-solving strategies to find sums and differences. (Author/NB)

In two experiments, large effects of variations in the form and timing of the cardinality question suggested that preschoolers' cardinality responses were situation-specific. Results suggested that children had no initial understanding of the relation between cardinality responses and numerosity. (RH)

Contrasts nominal, cardinal, and ordinal uses of numbers with linguistic and historical examples. (MKR)

The Type I error rates and statistical power of nine selected multiple comparison procedures were compared in a Monte Carlo study. The Peretz, Ryan, and Fisher-Hayter tests were the most powerful, and differences among these procedures were consistently small. Choosing among these procedures might be based on their calculational complexity. (SLD)

Argues that the common rounding rule is wrong in itself and potentially dangerous to data. The rule may be phrased as follows: "When several quantities are multiplied, the number of significant figures in the final answer is the same as the number of significant figures in the least precise of the quantities being multiplied. The same rule…

This paper presents Lewis Carroll's formula for mentally calculating the day of the week of a given date. The paper concludes that such formulas are too complex for individuals of low intelligence to learn by themselves, and thus "idiots savants" who perform such calendar calculations must be using other systems. (JDD)

Analyzes the amount of compression possible when arithmetic coding is used for text compression in conjunction with various input models. Algorithms are analyzed; modeling effects are considered; scaling is discussed; higher order models are examined, including prediction by partial matching; and coding effects are described. (34 references) (LRW)

Accuracy was compared for three methods of implementing parallel analysis with mean eigenvalues (regression, interpolation, and computation with three samples of random data). The accuracy of parallel analysis with 95th percentile eigenvalues (through regression and interpolation) was also considered. No evidence of differential accuracy emerged…