The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) has undergone numerous revisions since 1965 when the first federal statute dealing with the education of students with disabilities was implemented. A revision completed in 1975 instituted the concept of least restrictive environment (LRE), which demands that all students with disabilities be…

Even as schools have increasingly adopted multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) as their service delivery model, the role of special educators within MTSS has yet to be clearly defined. Scant research considers how well-prepared teachers feel for their roles in this model. The purpose of this study was to better understand the extent of Florida…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social and emotional learning programs on aggregation with mental health support on students' academic and behavioral outcomes. Targeting students that would not respond to level one behavior supports, at increasing academic achievement, attendance, and decreasing behavioral office…

Given the impact of trauma on children coupled with an emphasis from national policy and professional organizations, educators need to provide trauma informed practices to meet student needs. Studies have shown that teachers are more likely to support their students if they feel competent in meeting specific student needs. Teacher preparation…

The Survey of Head Start Grantees on Training and Technical Assistance (T/TA) was conducted in program year 2019-2020 with a nationally representative sample of Head Start program directors and Head Start managers/coordinators to understand how Head Start grantees use T/TA of all types and from all sources. Head Start program directors completed…

EFL Learning is considered an enriching and rewarding experience for most 'normal' learners. However, for learners with neurological differences/learning disabled, it can be a stressful and unpleasant experience. Students with learning disabilities (SLD) are often mistaken for slow, behind, incapable, and failures as there is a lack of awareness…

This publication provides an overview of the literature on school safety in the United States, with a focus on equity. Using the framework developed by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), this publication situates a comprehensive school safety approach as a balance of three key elements: physical safety, school climate, and student behavior,…

For young Spanish-speaking children entering U. S. schools, it is imperative that educators foster growth in the home language and in the language of instruction to the fullest extent possible. Monitoring language development over time is crucial for promoting language development because it allows educators to individualize student instruction.…

In early care and education, a multitiered system of support (MTSS) framework is a way to provide high-quality teaching and responsive caregiving through the delivery of differentiated support for all young children. In an early childhood MTSS framework, the needs of every child, regardless of ability, eligibility status, cultural and linguistic…

The American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief Fund (ESSER III) provides federal relief funds to states and school districts to help safely reopen and sustain the safe operation of schools and to address the impact the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had on students. The Department's Educational Plan…

Despite widespread implementation of multi-tiered systems of support for behavior (MTSS-B), evidence of racial discipline disproportionality persists. We argue MTSS-B must prioritize racial equity and healing in schools. We first discuss how discipline has centered Whiteness, providing a brief history of relevant events and sociopolitical forces…

To best support students with special needs in their educational endeavors, research shows collaboration between the school and home greatly increases success. However, there is a gap in the literature that generalizes this concept, as most studies focus on one particular school or demographic group of students, such as those with autism. This…

We examined whether English language proficiency (ELP) related to interim reading and math performance differently when academic assessments were administered to students in either English or Spanish. We also tested these effects with Spanish language proficiency (SLP) as well as jointly with ELP and SLP. Students from a midwestern suburban school…

Redwood City School District (RCSD) has a long history of attending to the needs of its students and their families, and it has responded to this moment of crisis by setting a goal that by June 2024, every student will receive "appropriate social-emotional supports designed to meet their needs." The plan for achieving this goal includes…

Due to the need of the closing the vocabulary gap between struggling and non-struggling readers, many school districts across the nation are faced with the extensive growing rate of students, falling behind their grade level peers. To meet this goal, administrators and teachers seek word study strategies to incorporate in their small group…