Every human being is always open to some degree; for example, open for learning, experience, change, improvement, or further degradation by his own standards or those of others. Every experience alters an individual's learning capacity. Therefore, to say a child is naturally of high or low intelligence with unlimited or limited learning power is…

While many studies have demonstrated the relatively successful performance implications of formalized goal-setting programs in organizations, these findings typically do not identify the specific factors behind such techniques which are largely responsible for their success. Toward this end, research relating to six factor-analytically derived…

Discussion centered on three sets of factors that may influence the variability observed in "concept identification" (concept formation and discrimination learning) studies: stimulus characteristics, incentives employed, and subject characteristics. Stimulus characteristics are described in terms of the number of dimensions…

This study sought to describe how work values of 110 disadvantaged persons differ from those of 180 regularly employed, unskilled and semiskilled subjects, to identify biographical correlates of work values endorsed by the hard core, and to detect changes in work values as a function of training. Data were gathered via questionnaires and…

Sociological research on job satisfaction among civilian workers is reviewed for possible implications for Naval manpower policy. The methodological and conceptual assumptions of civilian studies are examined. The variety of measurement used, and some ambiguity of terminology are discussed in relation to the usefulness of these studies for Naval…

Four research papers discuss the influence of social cues on children's behavior. Specifically, the focus of this program of research was to systematically investigate the impact of two classes of social cues: (1) implicit or explicit instructional cues inherent in social interactions, and (2) inferred or actual evaluative cues present in…

One of the basic problems in relating learning theories to instructional strategies is that traditionally learning theory has researched the micro unit whereas the instructional environment studies the macro unit. Traditionally, instructional strategy research and development takes the learner as he comes, an integrated organism. In learning…

The human life course is examined so as to clarify the nature and meaning of age to members of different social classes at different periods of their lives. The author utilizes a developmental framework: life is made up of interlinked role sequences involving cumulative learning. Each stage builds on the previous one. Within this framework, the…

One hundred and sixty-six second graders were administered the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA) and a visual and auditory memory test. Intraindividual discrepancies between a child's performance on comparable visual and auditory measures served to identify him as a visual or an auditory learner. Significantly more 5-year-old…

While the usefulness of branched testing over conventional paper-and-pencil testing has been in doubt, particularly for the student of average ability, this has been with reference to normative measures rather than the criterion-referenced measures characteristic of individualized instruction. A computer-assisted test model for assessing an…

This publication is a collection of papers and reports presented at the Fifth Curriculum Research Institute. The articles included reflect the Institute's position which recognizes that a teacher must know the child whom he is to teach; knowing the children's experiential background enables the teacher to alter the sequence of curriculum content…

This study used 889 eleventh grade students and 70 vocational education students enrolled in cooperative education programs to determine the influence of internal and external control of reinforcement upon participation and learning in vocational education. Resultant findings include: (1) Sex was not a determinant of externality. The…

To test the applicability of systems theory to educational problems, an explanatory construct of "openness" is presented, posited as the crucial variable in determining a system's relation to the environment and therefore the basic property of the individual person-system to be modified by the educational process. Written as a monograph by a…

This study was designed to investigate the occupational movement and reasons for movement of men aged 45 to 59 between their first and current jobs, and more precisely to examine: (1) change and stability of various occupational personality types, (2) the effect of selected variables on change and stability of personality types, and (3) the…

TECHNICAL AND NONTECHNICAL CURRICULUMS OF A SINGLE JUNIOR COLLEGE WERE EXAMINED TO BETTER HELP STUDENTS AND COUNSELORS TOWARD MORE REALISTIC DECISIONS IN CAREER CHOICE. THE PROJECT WAS SUCCESSFUL IN (1) DIFFERENTIATING STUDENTS IN VARIOUS CURRICULUMS WITHIN THE COLLEGE, (2) DIFFERENTIATING CHARACTERISTICS OF GRADUATES FROM THOSE OF UNDERGRADUATES,…