R. J. Owen (1975) proposed an approximate empirical Bayes procedure for item selection in adaptive testing. The procedure replaces the true posterior by a normal approximation with closed-form expressions for its first two moments. This approximation was necessary to minimize the computational complexity involved in a fully Bayesian approach, but…

The Calculators in Primary Mathematics Project in Australia was a long-term investigation into the effects of the introduction of calculators on the learning and teaching of primary mathematics. The Australian project commenced with children who were in kindergarten and grade 1 in 1990, moving up through the schools to grade 4 level by 1993.…

This Missouri Vocational Instruction Management System instructor's drafting guide has been keyed to the drafting competency profile developed by state industry and education professionals. The guide contains a cross-reference table of instructional materials. Four units cover construction techniques pertaining to mathematical calculations: (1)…

Described is a project in which microcomputers were used by seven teachers in grades 2-6 in Edmonton, Alberta. The microcomputer was placed in each classroom for one-half day every day for a full school year. Teachers were asked to use it at least 70% of the time for practice in mathematics with individual students, using the Milliken Math…

The purpose of this study was to look intensively at two aspects of mathematics instruction--development and practice. It contrasted the Direct Instruction approach to the development phase of teaching problem solving with a Traditional approach taken from the teachers' manual of four widely used basal textbooks. Seventy-three fourth graders…

This material is a supplement to existing mathematics programs for young learners. The activities presented are based on assumptions about the young problem solver which are difficult to address in standard mathematics texts. In these pages it is assumed that each learner brings to the problem-solving effort a very personal experience base and a…

The focus of this activities book is on using calculators to solve problems, as a way of promoting better comprehension in mathematics in the intermediate grades. Problems of various types are presented, ranging from those based on everyday life such as shopping, schedules, meal planning, and sports, to those involving imaginary ideas.…

This booklet was designed for use with children aged 4-6 as a teaching tool that can be used both at home and school. Mathematical skills are presented in increasing order of difficulty, with each page building on the previous one, so that there is a built-in success factor. This success is presumed to convey the idea that learning mathematics is…

This booklet was designed for use with children aged 5-7 as a teaching tool that can be used both at home and school. Mathematical skills are presented in increasing order of difficulty, with each page building on the previous one, so that there is a built-in success factor. This success is presumed to convey the idea that learning mathematics is…

This booklet was designed for use with children aged 6-8 as a teaching tool that can be used both at home and school. Mathematical skills are presented in increasing order of difficulty, with each page building on the previous one, so that there is a built-in success factor. This success is presumed to convey the idea that learning mathematics is…

This booklet was designed for use with children aged 7-9 as a teaching tool that can be used both at home and school. Mathematical skills are presented in increasing order of difficulty, with each page building on the previous one, so that there is a built-in success factor. This success is presumed to convey the idea that learning mathematics is…

This resarch identified K-6 children's (N=1202) and teachers' (N=54) perceptions of what constitutes doing or using mathematics. Perceptions were documented by a questionnaire which included items reflecting the six major strands of the K-6 syllabi and explicit and implicit use of numbers and operations as both facilitating and distracting…

Hawaiian and part-Hawaiian children in kindergarten through grade 3 were administered the Metropolitan Mathematics Instructional Test to determine their achievement level in mathematics and areas of particular strength and weakness. Only the first grade exceeded the national norms. However, the kindergarten had covered only 21% of the test topics,…

The aim of this unit is to assist teachers in the presentation of integers and the combining of like terms in algebra in a more interesting and meaningful way. This program was developed for use in mathematics classes, grades 7-12. The unit is a descriptive module on the teaching of integers using bingo chips to develop a concrete approach to…

This study documented the spontaneously derived strategies that children use which may play a key role in the transition from counting to recall of number facts. For these strategies, the child uses a small set of known number facts to derive the solution to unknown number facts. How training in the use of derived strategies influences the…