In developing understanding of social roles, preschool children proceed from an initial awareness of single behavioral categories to the ability to comprehend, first, simple relationships between categories, and second, complex systems of categories. At each developmental level, children show characteristic modes of distortion when faced with…

Since leadership studies tend to deal with powerful public personalities, and since leadership in the U.S. is biased in terms of race, class, and sex privileges, it is not surprising that the contributions of black women leaders go largely unrecognized and that studies on black female leadership are scant and present an incomplete picture. To…

The prevailing focus in gerontology is on services rather than relationships. Consequently we are less familiar with the prevalence of kinkeeping. In intergenerational family research, women as family kinkeepers have been described as the hubs of family solidarity, bringing their families together, corresponding with family members, and monitoring…

This health education guide for kindergarten is divided into six sections. A statement of the sub-goal for each section prefaces an outline for achieving that goal: (1) social-emotional well-being: to enhance self-awareness and increase skills that promote personal development and successful relationships; (2) physical well-being: to increase…

The author discusses research on Filipino mothers' socialization goals and beliefs about the role of other adults in disciplining their children. The results reveal that Filipinos have a collectivistic orientation, but that they nevertheless encourage independence in their children. The implications of these results are discussed in light of the…

The dance party is described and analyzed as a mechanism for the socialization of urban black youths, and in relation to the interpretation of ceremonies and rituals by Van Gennep. (Author/KM)

Evidence indicates that a significant number of medical students have pervasive communication problems that affect their interaction with patients, faculty, clinical associates, and hospital staff. This paper describes the dynamics of the communication syndrome (clinically identified as "reticence"), discusses the manifestations and…

Project BORN FREE is a multidimensional effort to intervene in educational institutions to help reduce career-related sex-role stereotyping. It also attempts to expand career options through increasing faculty and parent awareness of their own socialized attitudes and behaviors and their impact on students. It is an indirect intervention, focusing…

The way in which girls develop into women in a rural black community in north central Florida, Edge Crossing, is described. This community is analyzed in terms of how different spaces are used, the rhythm of social activities as ordered by time and space, the separation of sex roles, the rites of intensification (such as ball games and religious…

The family is only one sub-system in the total society. It is closely related to other sub-systems at work in the whole society: the educational system, the market economy, the state apparatus, the cultural system, which works through the media and the school. The data given in this paper indicate that it will be very difficult to change the…

Based on an address delivered at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association (Washington, D.C., September 7, 1968). A comment on the article by Robert E. Cleary is included.

One of the characteristics of ethnography is the use of concrete examples to shed light on the context of human experience. As part of a 2-year ethnographic project, students in a high school located between a deteriorating city and an affluent suburb were interviewed and observed to study the interaction between the school as a social system and…

This book provides classroom teachers with a variety of discipline models, techniques, methods, and constructs designed to enable them to move beyond a singular approach in handling classroom behavior problems. The book first discusses the Teacher Behavior Continuum (TBC) which shows the teacher the context of his or her own general behavior with…

Fifteen articles (and four synthesis chapters) compare and contrast objectives, practices, and problems of social/political education in the United States, Great Britain, and West Germany. Social/political education is interpreted to include that area of pre-university teaching referred to in the United States most often as social studies or…

This guide is part of the Project BORN FREE training series for teachers, counselors, administrators and parents, designed to increase their awareness of adolescent career development patterns. The materials contain a set of independent learning strategies which combine to provide an intervention model for use at the secondary school level.…